海绵城市LID设施运行效能衰减机理及寿命分析研究综述

为了研究海绵城市LID设施长期受纳降雨径流后填料理化性质的演变规律，揭示设施运行效率的衰减过程及机理，探索设施合理的使用寿命，以海绵城市LID设施为研究对象，从设施填料理化性质与水分入渗和污染净化能力的关系、入渗性能改变及污染物吸附饱和、LID设施运行效能衰减及运行寿命几个方面，通过文献资料综合评述国内外研究的进展与不足。结果表明：现有研究大多围绕LID设施结构、效果与影响机制展开，对其填料理化性质的演变规律、入渗性能改变及污染物吸附饱和等缺乏系统研究，对设施运行效率的阶段性、动态化衰减过程研究鲜见报道，制约设施运行寿命的机理不明确，影响其合理使用。建议今后从以下3个方面开展进一步研究: (1)明确LID设施填料在运行期间理化性质的动态演变过程，发展基于LID设施水量调控和污染物净化效果的新方法；(2)揭示填料入渗性能和污染物吸附量随运行时间尺度的变化规律，从径流水质、材料两个方面探索海绵城市集中入渗条件下，LID设施不同填料发生堵塞和污染物吸附饱和的内在机理及驱动因子；(3)阐明LID设施运行效能衰减机制，建立LID设施运行效能衰减评价方法，进一步研究并确定LID设施合理的使用寿命。

Research progress on the decay mechanism of operational performance and life analysis of sponge city LID facilities

Taking the LID facilities of sponge city as the research object, the evolution of physical and chemical properties of fillers used in the LID facilities after long-term exposure to rainfall runoff is studied, the decay process and mechanism of facility operation efficiency is revealed, and the reasonable service life is discussed. This study reviews the progress and deficiencies of related research at home and abroad from aspects of the influence of filler physical and chemical properties on water infiltration and pollutant purification capability, infiltration performance changes and pollutant adsorption saturation, decay process of facility operation efficiency and its service life. The results show that the existing researches mostly focus on the structure, effect and influence mechanism of such measures. There is a lack of systematic research of filler physical and chemical properties, infiltration performance changes and pollutant adsorption saturation. Also, there are few reports on the phased and dynamic decay process of facility operation efficiency, and the mechanism that restricts the service life of such facilities is unclear, which affects the reasonable use of these concentrated infiltration measures. We suggest that future studies should focus on the following three aspects: firstly, to clarify the dynamic evolution of filler physical and chemical properties during the concentrated infiltration of rainfall runoff in sponge cities, and to explore new methods of water volume reduction and pollutant purification by the LID facilities; secondly, to reveal the changes of the infiltration performance and pollutant adsorption capacity of fillers with the running time, and to explore the intrinsic mechanism and driving factors of clogging and adsorption saturation of different fillers from the aspects of water quality and materials of the rainfall runoff; finally, to clarify the operation efficiency decay mechanism of LID facilities, and to establish a method for evaluating the efficiency decay process, so as to analyze and determine the reasonable service life of the LID facilities.