渣油在加氢处理中的性质和结构变化规律研究

利用渣油加氢处理中试装置，获得了经过脱金属催化剂、脱硫催化剂和脱氮催化剂的系列渣油加氢处理产物，分析了各产物的性质。随加氢深度增加，硫、氮、残炭、镍和钒在渣油加氢产物中的的质量分数降低，总脱除率分别为84.9%、51.3%、62.8%、84.8%和94.0%。各产物的组分分布发生变化，饱和分组分增加，芳香分、胶质、沥青质组分减少，重组分胶质和沥青质组分的转化分别达到了57.5%和73.3%。以核磁共振为基础计算了渣油加氢产物组分的平均结构参数。结果表明，芳香分和胶质组分单元结构芳香环数和环烷环数减少，芳香碳分率fA、环烷碳分率fN和烷基碳分率fP变化不明显；而沥青质分子fA增加，fN和fP降低。从平均结构参数还可以看出，不同加氢产物同一种组分在结构上有其共性，但不同组分有明显区别。

The study on properties and structure changes of residue during hydrotreating

The properties of products from the pilot scale residue hydrodemetalization, hydrodesulfur and hydrodenitrogen tests were characterized. The result showed that the contents of sulfur, nitrogen, carbon residue, nickel and vanadium in products were reduced through above mentioned residue hydrotreating. The total removal rates of sulfur, nitrogen, carbon residue, nickel and vanadium were 84.9%, 51.3%, 62.8%, 84.8% and 94.0%, respectively. The composition distributions of the produced fractions had been changed. The content of saturate fraction increased, and those of aromatic, resin and asphaltene fractions decreased. The removal rates of resin and asphaltene fractions were 57.5% and 73.3%, respectively. The average structural parameters of factions were calculated based on proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The aromatic ring number and cycle ring number of structure unit of aromatic and resin fractions decreased. The fractions of aromatic carbon (fA), cycloparaffinic carbon (fN) and paraffinic carbon (fP) kept the same. The fA of asphaltene fraction increased, and the fN and fP of that decreased. The same fractions from different residue hydrotreating products were similar in structure, but the different fractions had quite distinct difference.