中心静脉置管在肿瘤内科的用途及价值探讨

目的探讨中心静脉置管在肿瘤内科的用途及其价值,以满足肿瘤内科给药的多种特殊需求.方法以一次性中心静脉导管经锁骨下穿刺置管于上腔静脉末端.结果中心静脉置管用于治疗20种中晚期癌症患者482例,13种特殊用药所需399例(82.8%);肺癌和肺部转移癌为增加肺部药物持续浓度130例(27.0%);外周静脉条件差难以顺利给药127例(26.3%);需长期输液24例(5.0%);为避免外周静脉化疗的痛苦、不便和静脉炎或曾发生静脉炎,患者要求13例(2.7%);外周静脉留置针失败后1例(0.2%).结论经锁骨下中心静脉置管在肿瘤内科用途甚广,可满足多种病种给药的多种特殊需求,既有助于提高疗效减轻副作用,又可避免外周静脉给药的痛苦和不便及其局部并发症,有助于改善患者生活质量,值得推广.

Study on the use and value of CVC in department of medical oncology

Objective To study the use and value of CVC(central vein catheterization) in the department of medical oncology to meet some special needs in the medication.Methods The disposable indwelling tube was introduced into the end of the superior vena cava by puncture below the clavicle.Results Of 482 patients suffering from 20 different advanced cancers,399(82.8%)were treated with 13 different medicines;130(27.0%) patients with lung cancer or metastatic lung cancer were treated with constant drip of medicines to maintain the needed concentration;127(26.3%) patients were hard to be given drugs intravenously because of the poor condition of the peripheral vein;24(5.0%) patients needed long-term transfusion; 13(2.7%) patients wanted to avoid pain and inconvenience of the chemotherapy and phlebitis;one(0.2%) patient failed to keep the needle in the peripheral vein.Conclusions CVC below the clavicle can be widely used to meet some special medication for different diseases in department of medical oncology.It is not only helpful to improving the treatment efficacy and reducing the side effect, but also to avoiding the pain,inconvenience and local complications during administration of drugs into peripheral vein,thus improving the quality of life of patients. CVC is a necessary technique in the department and worthy to be spread.