蔬菜中植物生长调节剂残留的膳食暴露与 风险评估

目的为明确蔬菜中植物生长调节剂(plant growth regulator,PGR)残留的风险,对蔬菜中植物生长调节剂残留量实行监测并进行风险评估。方法整合3年的市场监测数据,利用农药残留专家联席会议(JMPR)农药急性膳食风险摄入量计算方法和@risk定量风险评估专用软件,对我国各类人群蔬菜中植物生长调节剂残留膳食摄入风险进行评估。结果蔬菜中植物生长调节剂的残留量较低,为0.0109~0.182 mg/kg,辣椒中主要检出矮壮素和甲哌啶残留,番茄中主要检出2,4-滴残留,马铃薯中主要检出甲哌啶和矮壮素残留;短期膳食摄入结果显示,辣椒、番茄和马铃薯3个蔬菜品种消费带来的有检出PGR残留短期膳食摄入量在0.0957~11.0?g/(kg bw·d),仅占其急性参考剂量的0.0319%~22.0%,急性风险较低。结论蔬菜中植物生长调节剂残留膳食摄入风险虽在不同蔬菜品种、不同风险因子和不同人群之间有差异,但整体风险水平不高,均在可接受范围内。

Dietary exposure and risk assessment of plant growth regulator residues in vegetables

Objective To ascertain the dietary intake risk of plant growth regulator (PGR) residues in vegetables, PGR residues in vegetables was monitored and the acute risk assessment was developed. Method National estimated short-term intakes (NESTIs) of JMPR and @risk were used to estimate the exposure risk of PGR residues in vegetables based on the market monitoring data in 2013~2015. Results Pesticide residue of PGR in vegetables was very low and the value was 0.0109~0.182 mg/kg. There were chlormequat and mepiquat residues in pepper, 2, 4-D residue in tomato and mepiquat as well as chlormequat residue in potato. The NESTIs were 0.0957~11.0 ?g/(kg bw?d), the percent ratio to acute reference dose (ARfD) was 0.0319%-22.0% and the acute risk was low. Conclusion Although there was a difference between different groups of people, plant growth regulators and vegetables, the acute risk level of plant growth regulators residue in vegetables was also very low.