块状硫化物矿床成矿构造环境研究进展

对VHMS型、SEDEX型和VSHMS型3种块状硫化物矿床近年来成矿构造环境研究进展进行了较全面的回顾.其中，VHMS型块状硫化物矿床重点对弧间裂谷及弧后盆地构造环境下矿床时空演化及分布规律、古代VHMS型块状硫化物矿床全球对比认识及沟-弧-盆体系下现代海底块状硫化物研究热点地区的岩石类型、组合及岩浆演化规律进行了总结；SEDEX型块状硫化物矿床重点对澳大利亚北部元古代SEDEX型块状硫化物矿床集中区近年来成矿动力学背景研究进展进行了介绍.指出该区巨大的SEDEX型矿床成矿构造环境不是以往认为的被动大陆边缘裂谷，而是汇聚板块地球动力学背景之下远离弧后的大陆拉张盆地.尤其值得关注的是不仅元古界SEDEX型矿床如此，而且那些古生代的典型SEDEX型矿床(如沙利文，红狗矿床)同样被认为具有相同的产出构造背景.同时认为此种构造背景形成的SEDEX型矿床具有更大的找矿价值；VSHMS型矿床是近十年来逐渐得到重视的一类块状硫化物矿床，矿化特征及成矿作用与以上两类矿床相似，但其成矿构造环境应当位于上述两类矿床的过渡部位，对构造环境判断具有重要的指示意义.因此，在汇聚板块动力学背景下，上述3种块状硫化物矿床，自板块边缘岛弧一侧向远离板块边缘的大陆内部，构成了一个很好的矿床分带或成矿序列，即从VHMS型→VSHMS型→SEDEX型. 

Research Advances in Metallogenic Tectonic Environment of Massive Sulfide Deposits

This paper summarizes in detail some advances in recent years about the ore-forming tectonic environment of VHMS type, SEDEX type and VSHMS type massive sulfide deposits, on which VHMS type deposit emphasizes three aspects as follows: the spatial and temporal distribution regularities of VHMS type ore deposits which occurred in intra-arc or backarc rift; metallogenic knowledge acquired from contrasting of ancient global VHMS type deposits; summary on the characteristics of lithological types and rock association, and general evolutionary processes of magma from modern seabed hydrothermal areas controlled under trench-island arc-backarc basin tectonic system. SEDEX type deposit emphasizes the metallogenic geodynamic environment from shale-hosted massive sulfide deposits of Proterozoic northeastern Australia. It is different from traditional understandings that these super-large size deposits do not occur in the intra-continental rift or aulocogen tectonic environments, whereas occurred in far-field backarc continental extension basin under plate convergent process, and it is especially pointed out that the paleaozoic typical SEDEX type deposit, such as Sullivan, Red dog, is also regarded as the same metallogenic geodynamic setting as their Proterozoic counterparts. Apart from this, these deposits under the tectonic environment related to convergent plate have more important ore-finding prospect. VSHMS type deposit was concerned much more in the latest ten years, although it has the similar ore ccurrence and metallogenic process as those deposits mentioned above, the different metallogenic tectonic environments, generally occurring in the transition tectonic setting between VHMS type and SEDEX type deposit, making it more important implication for tectonic setting. Accordingly, under convergent plate tectonic setting, from the plate boundary to far-field backarc intra-continental extension basin, a metallogenic sequence was established, i.e, VHMS→VSHMS→SEDEX.