正常新生儿听性脑干反应测试结果分析

目的　分析新生儿听性脑干反应(auditorybrainstemresponses,ABR)的基本特征，为国内开展新生儿ABR检测及听力筛选提供依据。方法　对80名正常新生儿(160耳)的ABR测试结果进行分析，并与正常听力青年人测试结果进行比较。结果　130dBpeSPL强度短声刺激下，正常新生儿波Ⅰ、波Ⅲ、波Ⅴ的检出率均为100%。波Ⅴ反应阈为61.94±6.87dBpeSPL，显著高于正常听力青年人。新生儿波潜伏期和波间期均较正常听力青年人延长，波间期Ⅲ-Ⅴ/Ⅰ-Ⅲ比值显著低于正常听力青年人。结论　70dBpeSPL短声是较为适宜的新生儿ABR听力筛选的声刺激；性别及左、右耳差异不影响新生儿ABR筛选；新生儿听觉通路存在一个不断完善的成熟过程，但其脑干上、下部的发育并不是完全同步的。

Auditory Brainstem Responses in Normal Newborns

Objective　To quantify the characteristics of the auditory brainstem responses(ABR) in the normal newborns, in order to provide a data for newborn hearing screening. Methods　The ABR to click stimuli was investigated in a group of eighty normal newborns aged from 3 to 8 days and compared to those observed from the normal hearing youths. Results　Wave, Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅴ were identifiable in all of 160 ears at 130 dB pe-SPL. The threshold of wave Ⅴ to click stimuli was 61.94±6.87 dB peSPL, significantly higher than that in adults. Both latencies for wave Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅴ and interwaves latencies Ⅰ-Ⅲ,Ⅲ-Ⅴ and Ⅰ-Ⅴ were significantly tonger than those for the adults under identical test conditions. The ratio of interwaves latency Ⅲ-Ⅴ to Ⅰ-Ⅲ for normal newborn was 0.71±0.12, statisitically smaller than that in adults. Conclusion　Click level 70 dB peSPL appeared to be a feasible criterion of threshold of ABR for newborn hearing screening. There were no significant effects of sex and ear in newborn hearing screening. The auditory system of the newborns was not equally mature. The neurological system is the primary source of differences between newborns and adults.