基于遥感与GIS的临淄区土地利用变化与生态环境效应研究

根据临淄区2008年、2012年和2018年三期土地利用数据,利用地理信息软件对2008-2018年这10年间临淄区的土地利用变化和生态环境效应进行了计算分析。结果表明:研究区2008~2018年主要土地利用类型为耕地和建设用地。10年间,草地和建设用地的面积增加,耕地、林地、水域和其他用地的面积减小,耕地减少的面积最大,建设用地增加的面积最多。草地增加的面积主要来自耕地和林地,建设用地主要来自耕地;耕地和水域为生态高敏感类型,林地为中敏感,草地低敏感,建设用地和其他用地不敏感。2008~2018年期间的土地利用类型变化导致临淄区中高风险、较高风险和低风险区域的面积不断增加,而中风险和低风险的面积不断减少,临淄区区域总体生态风险增加;10年间,生态环境质量指数逐年下降,2008~2012年,耕地转换为建设用地是生态环境质量恶化的主要因子,耕地转换为草地是生态环境质量改善的主要因子;2012~2018年,草地转换为建设用地是生态环境质量恶化的主要因子,建设用地转换为耕地是生态环境质量改善的主要因子。

Research on Land Use Change and Ecological Environment Effect in Linzi District Based on Remote Sensing and GIS

According to the land use data of Linzi District in 2008,2012 and 2018,the geographic information software was used to calculate and analyze the land use change and eco-environmental effects in Linzi District during the 10 years from 2008 to 2018.The results show that:The main land use types in the study area in 2008~2018 are cultivated land and construction land.In the past 10 years,the area of grassland and construction land has increased,and the area of cultivated land,woodland,waters and other land has decreased.The area of cultivated land reduction has been the largest,and the area of construction land has increased the most.The increased area of grassland mainly comes from cultivated land and forest land,and the construction land mainly comes from cultivated land;The cultivated land and water area are ecologically sensitive;the forest land is sensitive;the grassland is low sensitive,and the construction land and other land use are not sensitive.The changes in land use types during the period of 2008-2018 led to an increase in the area of medium-high-risk,high-risk and low-risk areas in Linzi District,while the area of medium-risk and low-risk areas continued to decrease.Overall ecological risk in Linzi Districtincreased;the eco-environmental quality index declinesyear after year,from 2008 to 2012,the conversion of cultivated land to construction land is the main factor for the deterioration of ecological environment quality.The conversion of cultivated land to grassland is the main factor for improving the quality of ecological environment.In 2012-2018,the conversion of grassland to construction land is the deterioration of ecological environment quality.The conversion of construction land to cultivated land is the main factor for improving the quality of ecological environment.