京津冀地区机动车大气污染物排放特征

通过大量的文献调研和抽样调查,分析研究了各类符合不同排放标准的机动车的保有量、年均行驶里程和排放因子,建立了2008年京津冀地区机动车大气污染物排放清单,并对机动车排放特征进行了深入细致的研究.结果表明:京津冀地区2008年机动车CO、NOx、HC、PM10排放量分别为264.05、78.79、63.09、4.83万t,其中符合国0标准的机动车排放所占比例最大,CO、NOx、HC、PM10分别为56.74%、35.51%、47.55%和45.90%.摩托车和轻型客车等汽油车是CO、HC的主要排放源,其中CO分别占总排放的40.92%和35.43%,HC分别占总排放的55.18%和28.33%,重型货车、重型客车和大货拖挂等重型柴油车对NOx和PM10的排放贡献较大,三者排放量总和分别占到NOx与PM10总排放的88.59%和75.10%.就单车平均排放的区域分布特征而言,北京较其他城市相对较低,CO与HC特征相似,NOx与PM10特征相似.

Vehicular Emission Characteristics in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) Region

In this paper,the populations and emission factors of vehicles with different emission standards were obtained by abundant literature investigation and sampling survey.Then vehicular emission inventory was developed for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) region in 2008,and emission characteristics were analysed at the same time.The results indicated that total emissions of CO,NOx,HC and PM10 were 264.05×104,78.79×104,63.09×104 and 4.83×104 t/a,respectively.Vehicles with State 0 standard were the major emission source,and the emission proportions for CO,NOx,HC and PM10 were 56.74%,35.51%,47.55% and 45.90%,respectively.The two major contributors to CO and HC were motorcycles and light duty vehicles.CO from these two types accounts for 40.92% and 35.43%,and HC accounts for 55.18% and 28.33% of the total vehicular emission respectively.Heavy duty trucks,heavy duty vehicles and trails were the main contribution sources of NOx and PM10.They made significant contribution about 88.59% to the total NOx emissions,while 75.10% to the total PM10 emissions.Beijing had lower average emission for a single car than the other cities in the BTH.Characteristics of cites' average CO and HC emission were similar with each other,so did NOx and PM10.