韧性理论视角下贫困村灾后恢复重建与灾害风险管理刍议

韧性理论引入灾害风险管理领域,为世界防灾减灾实践提供了新理念,并在国内外韧性城市社区建设中得到广泛应用,但针对乡村地区,尤其是高脆弱性的贫困村韧性社区建设的研究还较为鲜见.该文以韧性理论为基础,结合乡村振兴战略规划,通过对贫困村社会生态系统特征的分析,探讨了新时期我国贫困村灾后恢复重建与灾害风险管理发展方向及特点.研究...

Research on the Post-disaster Recovery and Reconstruction and Disaster Risk Management of Poor Villages from the Perspective of Resilience Theory

The introduction of the resilience theory into the field of disaster risk management provides new concept for the world’s disaster prevention and mitigation practices and has been widely used in the construction of resilient urban communities at home and abroad.However,the research is relatively rare that focus on the construction of resilient communities in rural areas,especially in poor villages with high vulnerability.Based on the theory of resilience,combined with the strategic planning of rural revitalization,we explore the development direction and characteristics of post-disaster restoration and reconstruction and disaster risk management of poverty-stricken villages in China through the analysis of the characteristics of the social ecosystem of poor villages.It is preliminarily believed that poor villages have backward industrial economy,as well as the characteristics of complex natural environment,lagging infrastructure construction,lack of public welfare facilities,low level of education and frequent natural disasters,etc.The spatial superposition of such disaster-prone areas and poverty-stricken population areas has become a highly vulnerable area of China’s social ecosystem,facing the dual challenges of disaster prevention and reduction and poverty alleviation and development;Based on the perspective of resilience theory,by constructing a disaster resilience system in poor villages,carrying out comprehensive evaluation of the resilience of poor village communities,and adjusting the planning concepts for post-disaster restoration and reconstruction of poor villages,it is necessary to promote the transformation of post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction of poor villages;On this basis,combined with the characteristics of the social ecological system of poor villages,we will establish and improve the disaster risk management mechanism of poor villages,explore new ways to improve the disaster resilience and community construction of poor villages,coordinate disaster management and rural revitalization development goals,and carry out the dynamics of disaster recovery and reconstruction.Policy measures such as monitoring,and after-effect evaluation are the starting point to deepen disaster risk management practices in impoverished villages and enhance the sustainable development capacity of impoverished areas.