硬脆及黑色金属材料的单点金刚石车削加工技术综述

单点金刚石车削技术是产生纳米特征表面的光学元件重要制造工艺之一。此加工技术在空间科学、生物医学工程、军事、国防和光学等领域有着广泛的应用。然而，金刚石刀具在切削硬脆和黑色金属材料时受到限制，如刀具磨损加剧、刀具寿命缩短以及工件表面加工质量降低等。为了减少刀具磨损和提高工件表面加工质量，相关学者提出了不同的解决方案，将从单点金刚石车削辅助工艺、工件改性、刀具性能改善和超硬材料及刀具方面梳理面向提高硬脆和黑色金属材料加工质量的单点金刚石车削加工技术相关研究，分析当前各种加工技术的优势与局限，提出未来将多种能场辅助的单点金刚石车削技术和基于聚焦离子束改性的金刚石刀具技术作为研究的重点。

Summary of Single Point Diamond Turning Technology for Hard,Brittle and ferrous Metal Materials

Single point diamond turning technology is one of the important manufacturing processes for optical components with nano characteristic surface. This processing technology has been widely used in the fields of space science, biomedical engineering, military, national defense and optics. However, diamond tools are limited in cutting hard, brittle and ferrous metal materials. For instance, the tool wear is intensified, the tool life is shortened, and the machining quality of the workpiece surface is reduced, and so forth. In order to reduce tool wear and improve the machining quality of workpiece surface, relevant scholars have proposed different solutions. This study will sort out the relevant research on single point diamond turning technology for improving the machining quality of hard, brittle and ferrous metal materials from the aspects of single point diamond turning auxiliary process, workpiece modification, tool performance improvement and superhard materials and tools, It is proposed that in the future, many kinds of energy field assisted single point diamond turning technology and diamond tool technology based on focused ion beam modification will be the focus of research.