晶须/纤维增强3D打印氧化锆多孔陶瓷制备及性能研究

钇稳定氧化锆（YSZ）是一种抗氧化性和耐久性优异的陶瓷，够承受高温，非常适合作热防护材料。采用乳液/泡沫模板法将其制成具有微米级孔的多孔结构，再以氧化铝晶须或氧化锆纤维作为增强相，然后结合直写成型这种3D打印成型技术，又可在毫米级孔尺度上获得设计的自由。由此制备的梯度多孔结构，不仅可以增大材料的比表面积，减小体积密度，更能大大提高多孔YSZ的力学性能。研究增强体的类型、加入量及烧结温度对多孔氧化锆陶瓷微观形貌结构的影响，分析其与抗压强度的相互作用关系。结果表明，氧化铝晶须和氧化锆纤维的加入，均能有效提高多孔氧化锆陶瓷孔的抗压强度，晶须的增强效果更好。氧化锆纤维加入量为4wt%的多孔氧化锆陶瓷孔隙率最高，抗压强度提升最小，为166.6MPa。在1500℃烧结温度下，当氧化锆纤维加入量为8wt%时，抗压强度最大，达到269.36MPa。

Preparation and Properties of 3D Printed Zirconia Porous Ceramics Reinforced by Whisker/Fiber

Perovskite structure oxide has become the most promising solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cathode material because of its excellent MIEC characteristics and catalytic performance, as well as the flexibility of chemical composition selection and great stability. At present, the development trend of SOFC is to lower the operating temperature. However, as the operating temperature of the cell decreases, the cathode polarization loss increases sharply, and the cell performance decreases accordingly. Taking into account the requirements of medium and low temperature SOFC for cathode materials, the catalytic activity of perovskite-type cathodes is still unsatisfactory. Therefore, the performance optimization of perovskite cathodes is becoming a new research hotspot. This paper reviews the recent progress in the performance optimization research of perovskite cathodes, and focuses on the optimization effects of element doping, morphology adjustment and impregnation modification on the electrochemical performance of perovskite cathodes.