百菌清污染土壤生物修复研究进展

针对百菌清具有在土壤中药效稳定、不易分解、代谢周期长、长期大量施加导致土壤严重污染等特点和问题,简要介绍了百菌清的毒性作用机制。总结了降解土壤中百菌清的物理法、化学法和生物法的原理及优缺点。重点阐述了生物修复百菌清污染土壤的主要降解菌株及其效果、降解途径以及降解产物及其毒性,分析了土壤性质、微生物种类、温度、土壤含水率等因素对百菌清降解效果的影响。指出今后的研究重点应为降解中间产物的毒性分析及其进一步的降解与转化问题,而复合菌制剂或多酶复合体系可实现百菌清的彻底降解和无害化。

Research progresses in bioremediation of chlorothalonil contaminated soil

Aiming at the features and problems of chlorothalonil in soil,such as stable efficacy,difficult to be decomposed,long metabolic cycle,and serious soil pollution caused by long-term dosing,the toxicity mechanism of chlorothalonil is briefly introduced. The principles as well as the advantages and disadvantages of physical,chemical and biological methods for chlorothalonil degradation in soil are summarized. The major degradation strains and their effects,the degradation pathways,the degradation products and the toxicity of the products in bioremediation of chlorothalonil contaminated soil are expounded. The factors affecting chlorothalonil degradation are analyzed,such as soil property,microbial species,temperature and soil moisture content. The focal points for further research are put forward,such asthe toxicity analysis of intermediate degradation products,the further degradation and conversion of the intermediate products and the development of complex bacteria preparations or multi-enzyme complex systems,by which chlorothalonil can be degraded completely and become harmless.