Quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) selective feeding of phytoplankton in Saginaw Bay |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China;2. Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, NOAA, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA;3. Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA;1. Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam 13699, NY, USA;2. Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant 48859, MI, USA;3. Institute for Great Lakes Research, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant 48859, MI, USA;1. Saginaw Valley State University, Department of Chemistry, University Center, MI 48710, USA;2. Saginaw Valley State University, Department of Biology, University Center, MI 48710, USA;3. Delta College, Science Division, University Center, MI 48710, USA;1. Center for Water and the Environment, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth, 5013 Miller Trunk Highway, Duluth, MN 55811, USA;2. CSC and Loyola University Chicago, 1359 W. Elmdale Ave. Suite 2, Chicago, IL 60660, USA;3. USEPA Great Lakes National Program Office, 77 W. Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, IL 60604, USA;1. NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA;2. Wayne State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;3. University of Michigan, Cooperative Institute of Limnology & Ecosystems Research, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;4. Michigan State University, Department of Fisheries & Wildlife, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;5. Biology Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA;6. Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA |
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| Abstract: | Experiments from May to December measuring selective grazing and egestion of different phytoplankton taxa in natural Saginaw Bay (Lake Huron) seston by shallow-water morph quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis rostriformis) showed that the mussels were highly selective filter feeders and that their net clearance rates on different species ranged widely, resulting in food consumption that was strongly driven by seasonal phytoplankton dynamics. Overall, net clearance rates by quagga mussels on the entire phytoplankton assemblage were similar to those observed for zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) during the 1990s. Phytoplankton taxon, rather than size, was more important to food selection since quagga mussels cleared similar sized but different species of algae at very different rates. In contrast to many studies with zebra mussels, larger-sized algae such as Dinobryon divergens, Aulacoseira italica, Fragilaria crotonensis, and Anabaena were cleared at high rates and rejected at lower rates than many smaller species within the same broad taxonomic group. We suspect that these differences between dreissenid species do not stem from species differences but methodological factors and phytoplankton composition of systems studied. Small-sized diatoms, green algae with thick cell walls (Scenedesmus and Oocystis), and colonial cyanobacteria with gelatinous sheaths (Aphanocapsa, Chroococcus, and Microcystis) were cleared at low rates and rejected in high proportion in pseudofeces or feces during all seasons. We describe the likely mechanisms of pre- and post-ingestive behavior that explain these differences, which relate to phytoplankton size, morphology, cell wall characteristics, and chemical composition. Changes in the Great Lakes phytoplankton communities are consistent with mussel grazing preferences. |
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