高分子材料的表面菌膜

背景：医疗器械尤其是高分子介入性导管引起的导管相关型感染是院内感染的主要途径之一，而导致人体感染的真正原因是器械或导管表面形成了菌膜。 目的：对菌膜的形成机制，影响菌膜形成和发展的因素以及当前抑制菌膜形成的常用方法进行综述。 方法：以“菌膜，生物膜，生物被膜”，“高分子，塑料，橡胶”和“biofilm，polymer，plastics，rubber”为检索词在medline、life sciences、Toxline plus、Derwent drug file、CBMDisc、CMCC等数据库和www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov、www.uspto.gov、www.patent.com.cn等网站进行检索，得到相关国内外文献214篇。排除陈旧和内容类似文献，选择43篇文献进行综述。 结果与结论：目前对菌膜在高分子器械表面形成过程和形成机制已经基本阐述清晰，但迄今为止，菌膜的研究多集中从微生物学、医学、基因角度进行，对菌膜的防治也是直接从利用抗生素的抑制方面考虑，文章着重从材料角度探讨抑制菌膜的可能途径及其在临床应用的可能性。

Biofilm on the surface of polymers

BACKGROUND:Widely application of medical devices, especially application of polymeric catheters and tubes is one of the important approaches which lead to catheter-related infection. Biofilm which formed on the surface of the polymeric medical devices in the application process is just the reason for this nosocomial infection. OBJECTIVE:To review the formation procedures of biofilm and the factors influencing the formation and progression of biofilm, as well as common methods to inhibit biofilm formation. METHODS:With key words “mycoderm, biomembrane, biofilm”; “polymer, plastics, rubber” in Chinese and English, a computer-based online search of medline, life sciences, Toxline plus, Derwent drug file, CBMDisc, and CMCC, as well as www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, www.uspto.gov, www.patent.com.cn, was performed. A total of 214 articles were collected, and 43 were included after eliminating repetitive and similar articles. RERULTS AND CONCLUSION:Formation procedure and mechanism of biofilm on the surface of polymeric devices have been expounded clearly, but researches on biofilm mainly focus on microbiology, medicine or gene, and antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of biofilm. This paper reviewed the effects of matrix material on the inhibiting of formation biofilm and possibility to use in clinic.