2008年河南省大骨节病病情调查结果与分析

目的 了解河南省大骨节病病情现状,为大骨节病防治提供依据.方法 2008年在河南省大骨节病病区选择地形、地貌、生产及生活方式上具有代表性的陕县张村乡窑店、庙洼村,灵宝市朱阳镇朱阳村进行7～12岁儿童大骨节病临床调查,同时拍右手X线片和采集部分儿童发样和当地粮样.儿童发硒、粮食硒测定采用2,3-二氨基萘荧光法.在洛宁县、灵宝市、渑池县、陕县、卢氏县大骨节病病区乡进行16岁以上成人大骨节病病情调查.结果 共检查7～12岁儿童190人,未检出大骨节病临床病例;拍摄右手X线片190人,X线阳性3人.检出率为1.58%(3/190).共调查16岁及以上的常住人口20 521人,大骨节病临床检出率为6.10%(1251/20 521),其中Ⅰ度为3.97%(814/20 521),Ⅱ度为1.77%(364/20 521),Ⅲ度为0.36%(73/20 521).儿童发硒平均值为(0.319±0.128)mg/kg,粮食硒平均值为(0.031±0.009)mg/kg.结论 河南省儿童大骨节病处于控制水平,成人大骨节病病情较为严重,应加强以治疗现患病人为目的的二级预防.

Analysis on surveillance results of Kaschin-Beck disease from monitoring site in Henan Province in 2008

Objective To understand Kaschin-Beck disease(KBD) status in Henan Province and provide the basis for the further prevention and treatment of KBD. Methods Children aged 7 to 12 in 3 villages(Yaodian, Miaowa and Zhuyang) with the same environment such as topography, physiognomy,production mode and living habits in Shan County and Lingbao City were selected to undertake KBD clinical examination in 2008, X-ray examination of right hand and child hair samples and food samples were collected to determine the content of selenium. Selenium was determined using 2,3-Diaminonaphthalene method. Adults who were 16 years or older in 5 counties(Luoning, Lingbao, Mianchi, Shah and Lushi) were selected and examined for KBD. Results One hundred and ninty children aged 7 to 12 were clinically examined and clinical KBD were found, whereas 3 children were diagnosed as KBD by X-ray examination, the positive rate was 1.58% (3/190). All 20 521 adults were clinically examined and KBD prevelance rate was 6.10%(1251/20 521), including degree Ⅰ (3.97%,814/20 521), degree Ⅱ (1.77%, 364/20 521 ), degree Ⅲ (0.36%, 73/20 521). The average selenium contents in hair and food samples were (0.319±0.128)mg/kg and (0.031±0.009)mg/kg, respectively. Conclusions Child KBD in Henan Province is under control or almost under control, whereas the prevalence of adult KBD was relatively serious, which suggested that secondary prevention with the objective of clinically treating KBD patients should be strengthened.