肥胖痛风患者尿酸排泄特征分析

【目的】探索合并肥胖的痛风患者临床特征及尿酸排泄特点。【方法】纳入2013年1月至2018年5月在中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院风湿免疫科住院的痛风患者228例，收集临床资料及空腹血生化指标，测定24h尿尿酸和尿肌酐并计算肾尿酸排泄指标。【结果】根据体质量指数（BMI）把患者分为肥胖组（n=44）、超重组（n=88）及非超重组（n=96），肥胖组年龄小于超重组及非超重组［43（32，57）岁比55（45，65）岁、58（45，67）岁］，起病年龄小于非超重组［37（26，48）岁比48（38，59）岁］，血尿酸水平高于非超重组［594（522，697）μmol/L比511（372，653）μmol/L］，肥胖组高胆固醇血症［25例（56.8%）比30例（31.3%）］及高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症［26例（59.1%）比46例（47.9%）］比例高于非超重组，超重组及肥胖组高甘油三酯血症比例［19例（43.5%），33例（37.5%）比17例（17.7%）］及代谢综合征比例［22例（50.0%），32例（36.4%）比12例（12.5%）］均高于非超重组，肥胖组尿酸排泄分数低于非超重组［5.5（3.6，7.4）%比7.0（5.2，9.8）%］，肾小球尿酸负荷高于非超重组［5.3（4.2，7.5）mg·min-1·1.73m-2比3.5（2.2，5.2）mg·min-1·1.73m-2］（P均＜0.0167）。多因素回归分析显示超重、肥胖与尿酸排泄分数负相关（P均＜0.05）。【结论】合并肥胖的痛风患者血尿酸水平高、肾小球尿酸负荷高可能与其肾脏尿酸排泄相对减少相关。

Characteristics of Uric Acid Excretion in Gout Patients with Obesity

【Objective】To explore clinical manifestations and features of renal uric acid excretion in gout patients with obesity.【Methods】Totally 228 primary gout patients were enrolled and divided into three groups according to body mass index（BMI）. Clinical and fasting blood biochemical analysis data were collected. Indices of renal uric acid excretion were calculated according to 24 h urinary uric acid and urinary creatinine.【Results】The obese group（n = 44）was younger than overweight group（n = 88）and non-overweight group（n = 96）［43（32，57）years vs 55（45，65）years，58（45，67）years］，with earlier onset age［37（26，48）years vs 48（38，59）years］，higher serum uric acid［594（522，697）μmol/L vs 511（372，653）μmol/L］and had more hypercholesterolemia（56.8% vs 31.3%）and low density lipoproteinemia（59.1% vs 47.9%）compared with non-overweight group. The ratio of hypertriglyceridemia（43.5% and 37.5% vs 17.7%）and metabolic syndrome（50.0% and 36.4% vs 12.5%）in the overweight and obese group were both higher than non- overweight group. Fraction excretion of uric acid（FEUA）in obese group［5.5（3.6，7.4）% vs 7.0（5.2，9.8）%］was lower than non-overweight group，and the glomerular filtration load of uric acid［5.3（4.2，7.5）mg·min- 1 ·1.73 m- 2 vs 3.5（2.2，5.2）mg·min-1·1.73 m-2］in obese group was higher than that in non-overweight group（All P < 0.0167）. Multivariate regression analysis showed that overweight or obesity were negatively correlated with FEUA（All P < 0.05）.【Conclusion】High uric acid load of serum and glomerular filtration in gout patients with obesity may be due to the relative insufficiency of renal uric acid excretion.