Ni-Sn-P复合镀层的组织结构与抗垢性能研究

采用XRD测试、硬度测试、接触角测量、表面自由能计算和抗垢能力测试等方法,研究热处理对Ni-Sn-P复合镀层组织结构和抗垢性能的影响,以及Sn含量对镀层抗垢性能的影响。结果表明,经热处理后Ni-Sn-P复合镀层结构由非晶态转变为晶态。300 ℃热处理的Ni-Sn-P复合镀层显微硬度达1072.4 HV,相比Ni-P镀层其硬度明显提高。当Sn含量为2 g/L时,Ni-Sn-P复合镀层具有最佳的抗垢性能,复合镀层的接触角为120.2°,且具有较低的表面能15 mJ/m²。Ni-Sn-P复合镀的污垢附着率显著降低,抗垢性能相比未处理的Q235碳钢基体和Ni-P镀层分别提高55%和46%。Sn颗粒的加入,提高了镀层的硬度和疏水性,但是随着Ni-Sn-P复合镀层中Sn含量的增加,复合镀层的抗垢性能逐渐下降。

Microstructure and Property of Ni-Sn-P Composite Coatings on Carbon Steel Q235

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and anti-fouling property of electroless plated Ni-Sn-P composite coatings with varying Sn-content on carbon steel Q235 were studied by means of XRD, hardness tester, contact angle measurement, surface free energy calculation and anti-fouling property test. Results show that the Ni-Sn-P composite coatings transform from amorphous to crystalline after heat treatment. The microhardness of the Ni-Sn-P composite coatings heat-treated at 300 ℃ reaches 1072.4 HV, which is significantly higher than that of the Ni-P coating. For the plating bath with 2 g/L Sn, the acquired coating has the best anti-fouling property with a contact angle of 120.2° and a low surface energy of 15 mJ/m². Compared with the matrix and Ni-P coating, the fouling adherence rate on the Ni-Sn-P composite coating was significantly reduced and the anti-fouling property was improved by 55% and 46%, respectively. The addition of Sn particle could enhance the hardness and hydrophobicity of the coatings, but with the increasing Sn addition in the plating bath, the anti-fouling property of the prepared composite coatings gradually declines.