水稻水肥耦合技术的生态环境效应和最佳模式研究

通过田间试验,研究了水稻水肥耦合技术的产量效应和生态环境效应,结果表明:湿润灌溉总氮污染量相对于充分灌溉减少35.09%~54.22%。中、低氮处理的总氮污染量比高氮处理减少0.59%~23.22%。在湿润灌溉条件下,水稻产量会有不同程度的降低,但低施肥会大大降低减产幅度,仍可获得相当高的产量。综合考虑产量、肥料、污染因素,结合经济效益和环境效益,可以认为,施氮量202.5 kg/hm2,土壤水分为占土壤饱和含水率的85%是切实可行的最优水肥组合。

Ecological Environment Effect and Optimum Mode of CouplingTechnique of Water and Fertilizer for Rice

Based on field experiments,the yield and ecological environment effects of water and fertilizer coupling technique for rice were studied.The results show that: under the wetting irrigation,contamination is reduced by 35.09%～54.22% relative to the copious irrigation under the same level of nitrogen,and that under the middle and lower level of nitrogen is reduced by 0.59%～23.22% relative to the high level of nitrogen.Yield of rice will be reduced in different degrees under the wetting irrigation,but the reducing degree of output could be greatly debased under low fertilizer, and high yield could be obtained.Synthetically considering the yield,fertilizer and contamination factors,combining with the economic and environmental benefit and under the nitrogen 202.5 kg/hm~2,the content of soil water 85% is the optimum water and fertilizer combination.