心境障碍患者自我病耻感及相关因素研究

目的探讨心境障碍患者自我病耻感程度及相关因素。方法采用精神疾病内在病耻感量表(ISMI)对446例心境障碍患者自我病耻感进行评估,比较具有不同人口学或临床特征患者的自我病耻感水平;对384例抑郁发作患者病耻感与部分临床变量进行Spearman相关分析。结果 72.9%的患者存在自我病耻感,中、重度占24.2%;有病耻抵抗的患者比例(79.6%)最高;有歧视体验的患者比例(41.0%)最低。男性患者刻板印象认同、歧视体验和社交退缩分量表分高于女性患者(P<0.05);在职患者歧视体验分量表分低于非在职患者(P<0.05);受高等教育患者ISMI总分及价值否定、刻板印象认同、歧视体验、社交退缩分量表分低于未受高等教育者(P<0.05);抑郁症与双相障碍患者ISMI总分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);发作期患者ISMI总分、价值否定、刻板印象认同、社交退缩和病耻抵抗分量表分高于缓解期患者(P<0.05)。年龄和疾病严重程度(17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表总分)与抑郁发作患者ISMI总分呈显著正相关(r=0.168,P<0.01和r=0.300,P<0.01);受教育年限与ISMI总分呈显著负相关(r=-0.178,P<0.01)。结论心境障碍患者普遍存在自我病耻感,且病耻抵抗能力较差;临床上应重视具有特定社会人口学和临床特征患者的病耻感程度,从多个维度上系统评估其自我病耻感,重点帮助患者提高应对病耻感的能力。

Self-stigma in patients with mood disorders and its related factors

Objective To investigate the level of self-stigma in patients with mood disorders and its related factors.Methods Self-stigma in 446 patients with mood disorders was evaluated using Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale(ISMI),and levels of self-stigma were compared among patients with different sociodemographic or clinical features.Spearman correlation analysis was conducted between self-stigma and clinical variables in 384 patients with depressive episode.Results Self-stigma existed in 72.9% of patie...