补充维生素A和铁对孕妇铁营养状况的影响

目的　研究补充维生素 A、铁对孕妇铁营养状况的影响。方法　对 1 6 7名孕中期妇女进行铁和维生素 A营养状况的横断面调查并随机分成 4组 :对照组 (复合维生素 B片每日一片 ) ;补充维生素 A组 (1 1 0 0 μg/d) ;补充铁组 (6 0 mg/d元素铁 ) ;补充维生素 A和铁组 (VA1 1 0 0μg/d,Fe6 0 mg/d) ,共补充 1 0 w。结果　被调查孕妇孕中期维生素 A轻度缺乏率为 0 .6 % ,贫血患病率为 7.8% ,贮存铁缺乏率为 6 .2 %。血清 VA水平补充前各组正常 ,补充后对照组明显下降 ,但仍维持在正常范围。补 VA、补铁及补 VA+铁组血清 VA与补充前无明显差异 ,仍保持恒定。各组补充前后 Hb均在正常范围 ,差别不显著。血清铁蛋白、游离红细胞原卟啉及运铁蛋白饱和度补充后的改善效果均以补充 VA铁组优于单独补 VA或补铁组。结论　孕期同时补充 VA和铁对改善铁的营养状况优于单纯补铁。

EFFECT OF VITAMIN A AND IRON SUPPLEMENTATION ON IRON STATUS DURING PREGNANCY

Objective: To observe the effect of vitamin A and iron supplementation on iron status during pregnancy. Methods: 167 pregnant women aged 21～33 years in the second trimester were recruited and randomly allocated to four groups: placebo; vitamin A (1.1 mg/d); iron(60 mg elemental iron); vitamin A and iron, for 10 weeks. Results:The incidences of vitamin A deficiency, anemia and iron depletion were 0.6%,7.8% and 6.2% in the second trimester respectively. Serum VA level was not changed in three supplemented groups but decreased in placebo group. Hemoglobin in all groups before and after supplementation was in normal range, with no significant differences. The improvement in serum ferritin, free erythrocyte proporphyrin and transferrin saturation was better in the group supplemented with VA+Fe than VA or Fe alone. Conclusion: The simultaneous supplementation of vitamin A and iron is better in improvement of iron status than supplementation of vitamin A or iron alone during pregnancy. Improvement of iron status by simultaneous supplementation of pregnant women with vitamin A and iron was better than supplementation with iron or vitamin A alone.