广东省家具行业基于涂料类型的VOCs排放特征及其环境影响

为掌握不同涂料类型废气之间的排放差异，基于溶剂型、水性、溶剂型辐射固化（ultra-violet，UV）、水性UV和粉末等不同涂料类型，选取典型家具制造企业进行废气采样，对比研究不同涂料类型废气挥发性有机物（volatile organic compounds，VOCs）排放浓度和组分差异，并对不同涂料类型废气的臭氧生成潜势（ozone formation potential，OFP）和二次有机气溶胶生成潜势（secondary organic aerosol formation potential，SOAFP）进行分析.结果表明，溶剂型涂料废气的总挥发性有机化合物（total volatile organic compound，TVOC）浓度、OFP和SOAFP均高于水性、溶剂型UV、水性UV和粉末涂料废气.不同涂料类型有组织废气VOCs浓度水平和组成差异较大.溶剂型涂料和溶剂型UV涂料废气以芳香烃和含氧挥发性有机物（oxygenated volatile organic compounds，OVOCs）为主，芳香烃的占比分别为41.91%~60.67%和42.51%~43.00%，OVOCs的占比分别为24.75%~41.29%和41.34%~43.21%.水性涂料、水性UV涂料和粉末涂料废气中VOCs占比最高的是OVOCs，占比分别为54.02%~62.10%、55.23%~64.81%和42.98%~46.45%.溶剂型涂料废气的主要组分为苯乙烯（14.68%），水性涂料废气的主要组分为甲缩醛（14.61%），溶剂型UV涂料和水性UV涂料废气的主要组分均为乙酸丁酯（15.36%和20.56%），粉末涂料废气的主要组分是3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯（20.19%）.芳香烃对溶剂型涂料和溶剂型UV涂料废气的OFP贡献最大，分别为79.84%和80.32%.水性涂料和水性UV涂料废气OFP的主要贡献者是芳香烃（51.48%和36.71%）和OVOCs（42.30%和41.03%）.芳香烃（43.46%）、OVOCs（28.06%）和烯烃（25.24%）是粉末涂料OFP的主要贡献者.芳香烃是溶剂型涂料、水性涂料、溶剂型UV涂料、水性UV涂料和粉末涂料废气SOAFP的绝对贡献者，占比均超过99%.

Coating-derived VOCs Emission Characteristics and Environmental Impacts from the Furniture Industry in Guangdong Province

To determine the differences in emissions among different types of coatings, such as solvent-based, water-based, solvent-based ultra-violet(UV), water-based UV, and powder coatings, representative furniture manufacturing companies were selected for analysis. The emission concentrations and compositional characteristics of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in different types of coatings were compared and studied. The ozone formation potential(OFP) and secondary organic aerosol formation potential(SOAFP) of the different types of coatings were also analyzed. Solvent-based coatings has higher TVOC concentrations, OFPs, and SOAFPs than water-based, solvent-based UV, water-based UV, and powder coatings. The concentrations and composition of VOCs emitted from the different types of coatings were also different. The main VOC groups of the solvent-based and solvent-based UV coatings were aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygenated volatile organic compounds(OVOCs). Specifically, the proportions of aromatic hydrocarbons are 41.91%-60.67% and 42.51%-43.00%, respectively, and the proportions of OVOCs were 24.75%-41.29% and 41.34%-43.21%, respectively. OVOCs accounted for the highest proportion of VOCs in the water-based, water-based UV, and powder coatings, at 54.02%-62.10%, 55.23%-64.81%, and 42.98%-46.45%, respectively. The major VOC compound of the solvent-based coatings was styrene(14.68%), and the main component of the water-based coatings was methylal(14.61%). The main species of VOCs from the solvent-based UV and water-based UV coatings were butyl acetate(15.36% and 20.56%, respectively). The most abundant species from the powder coatings was ethyl 3-ethoxy propionate(20.19%). Aromatic hydrocarbons were the most important contributor to the OFP of the solvent-based and solvent-based UV coatings, accounting for 79.84% and 80.32%, respectively. Aromatic hydrocarbons(51.48% and 36.71%) and OVOCs(42.30% and 41.03%) were the major contributors to the OFP of the water-based and water-based UV coatings, respectively. Aromatic hydrocarbons(43.46%), OVOCs(28.06%), and olefins(25.24%) were the main factors affecting the OFP of the powder coatings. Aromatic hydrocarbons dominate the SOAFP of solvent-based, water-based, solvent-based UV, water-based UV, and powder coatings, accounting for more than 99%.