女性人群生活和饮食习惯与食管癌发病关系病例对照研究

目的了解女性人群生活和饮食习惯与食管癌发病的关系,为女性人群食管癌的预防控制提供参考依据。方法采用以医院为基础的病例对照研究方法,抽取2010年1月—2016年12月在福建省肿瘤医院和福建医科大学附属漳州市医院经病理确诊的309例女性原发性食管癌新发病例作为病例组及按病例组年龄(±3岁)频数匹配的同期在福建医科大学附属第一医院和福建医科大学附属漳州市医院骨科就诊的318例女性非肿瘤患者作为对照组进行问卷调查。结果病例组患者喜食烫食和喜食生硬食物的比例分别为58.3%和56.6%,均高于对照组患者的38.1%和41.8%(均P<0.05);病例组患者饮绿茶、食粗粮频率≥3次/周和食水果频率≥3次/周的比例分别为7.4%、53.7%和16.2%,均低于对照组患者的15.7%、61.9%和29.2%(均P<0.05)。在调整了年龄、文化程度、家庭人均月收入和职业后,多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,喜食烫食和喜食生硬食物可增加女性人群食管癌的发病风险,饮绿茶和食水果频率≥3次/周可降低女性人群食管癌的发病风险。结论是否饮绿茶、喜食烫食、喜食生硬食物及食水果频率等生活和饮食习惯是女性人群食管癌发病的主要影响因素。

Relationship between life style,dietary habit and esophageal cancer in Chinese women:a case-control study

Objective To explore associations of life style and dietary habit with esophageal cancer(EC)in Chinese women and to provide evidences for the prevention and control of EC in the population.Methods We conducted a casecontrol study during a period from January 2010 through December 2016.Using a self-designed questionnaire,we surveyed309 female primary EC patients pathologically diagnosed in Fujian Cancer Hospital and Zhangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University and 318 age -(±3 years)frequency-matched non-tumor female patients taking medical service in orthopedics departments of the First Hospital and Zhangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University.Results The proportion of the cases eating hot and hard food were 58.3% and 56.6%,significantly higher than those(38.1% and 41.8%)of the controls(both P<0.05).Compared to those reported by the controls,significantly lower proportions of green tea drinking(7.4%vs.15.7%),eating coarse food 3 times or more per week(53.7%vs.61.9%),and eating fruits 3 times or more per week(16.2%vs.29.2%)were reported by the cases(all P<0.05).After adjusting for age,education level,household monthly income and occupation,unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that eating hot and hard food were significantly related to increased the risk of EC;while green tea drinking and eating fruit 3 times or more per week were associated with reduced risk of EC.Conclusion Life style and dietary habits such as green tea drinking,eating hot and hard food,and the frequency of eating fruit are main influencing factors of esophageal cancer incidence among Chinese women.