锆微弧氧化表面处理技术研究进展

锆及锆合金是重要的核结构材料和有潜力的生物医用材料，但在实际应用中，腐蚀、磨损易造成其失效，而适当的表面改性是提高它们服役性能的有效手段。重点介绍了锆及锆合金微弧氧化（MAO）表面处理技术的研究现状，讨论微弧氧化过程中电压电流特征及微弧放电机理，总结电解液体系及电参数对锆微弧氧化膜生长及膜层性能的影响规律，最后指出目前存在的问题和后续的研究方向。锆微弧氧化膜硬度高，致密性好，能大幅度提升基材的抗磨损和抗腐蚀性能。因此，锆微弧氧化技术在核电及生物医学领域有着很好的应用前景。此外，电解液中铝、硅元素进入微弧氧化膜后可以稳定膜层中高温氧化锆相（t-ZrO2），避免膜层中应力集中和微裂纹的产生。用P和Ca元素修饰后的锆微弧氧化膜具有较好的生物活性、抗体液腐蚀和抗菌性能。

Advance in Microarc Oxidation Surface Treatment on Zr

Zirconium and zirconium alloys are important nuclear structural materials and potential biomedical materials. Corrosion and wear may cause the failure of zirconium and zirconium alloys in application, but an appropriate surface modification is an effective means to improve their service performance. The work mainly introduced the research advance of microarc oxidation (MAO) surface treatment technology on zirconium and zirconium alloys. The voltage and current characteristics of MAO process and microarc discharge mechanism were discussed, and the influence of electrolyte and electrical parameters on the growth and performance of MAO films on zirconium alloys was summarized. Finally the short comings of the current research and the future research topics were also given. MAO film on Zr alloys had high hardness and good compactness, which could greatly enhance the wear and corrosion properties. Therefore, the MAO technology on Zr has a good application prospect in the fields of nuclear power and bio-medicine. Furthermore, the high temperature zirconia phase (t-ZrO2) can be stabilized after the aluminum and silicon elements from the electrolyte entering into MAO film, so as to avoid the stress concentration and the generation of micro-cracks in the film. The modified MAO film on zirconium with P and Ca elements has better biological activity, anti-humoral corrosion and antibacterial properties.