“危急事态”和基本权利限制

国家在处于危急情势或存亡威胁时，可以通过限制基本权利来消除危机。但是，为了防止国家滥用危急事态权能权能，进而侵害人民基本权利，各国设计了各项程序性机制来控制危急事态可能的失范。具言之，国家采取的各项危急措施必须遵循基本权利保护的最低标准，以确保在任何时候人的尊严和价值都能得以维系和实现。此外，国家危急事态措施还须遵循正当程序，接受基本权利本质内容不受侵害等原则、比例原则和法律明确性原则的检验。

Emergency Situation and Restriction of Fundamental Rights

Confronting great crises or other emergency situations, the state can restrict fundamental rights to eliminate the crises. However, in order to avoid the abuse of emergency powers and protect fundamental rights, the exercise of emergency power must be restricted within the framework of law. Specifically, the exercise of emergency power must meet the minimum standard that value of human dignity at any time should be maintained and achieved. Moreover, the exercise of emergency power must follow the due procedure, the principle of protection of core of fundamental rights, the principle of proportionality and the principle of legal certainty.