纤维素分解混合菌群腐解稻草的使用技术研究

为了得到具有较强纤维素分解能力的复合微生物组合用于秸秆还田,从不同生态环境来源的土壤中用培养基进行了纤维素分解混合菌群的富集筛选,得到了酶活性较高的以兼性厌气性细菌为主的纤维素分解混合菌群。该菌群腐解稻草粉的效果要比稻草秆好,施用氮肥时分次施用或者施用缓控释肥较好。使用该菌剂时,先喷洒在稻草堆上,当菌吸附在稻草上后再撒开,这样有利于菌发挥作用。模拟稻田试验结果表明,处理的失重率与对照的失重率差异达到极显著水平,说明该菌剂在土壤中仍然能够加快稻草的腐解,稻草还田少耕与免耕条件下,该菌剂同样有效果。

Study rice-straw decomposition by cellulose-decomposing microbes mixture

In order to obtain excellent complex cellulose-decomposing microorganisms for returning rice-straw to soil, the studies on the screening of cellulose-decomposing microbes mixture in different ecological soil and its characteristics was conducted. The results showed that a cellulose-decomposing microbes mixture was obtained. The obtained cellulose-decomposing microbes mixture could decompose rice-straw with natural microorganism flora. Rice-straw powder could be decomposed more rapidly than rice-straw by the cellulose decomposing mixed microbes .In order to improve the decomposing effect, the nitrogen fertilizer should be used for a few times. Of course, the slowly and controlled releasing fertilizer could be used to improve the effect. At the same time, the effect could be improved when the microbes preparation was absorbed on the rice-straw surface.