拟环纹豹蛛不同地理种群遗传多样性的AFLP标记研究

为查明拟环纹豹蛛Pardosa pseudoannulata不同地理种群的遗传多样性机制，应用AFLP技术对6个拟环纹豹蛛地理种群的遗传多样性进行了研究分析。8对引物组合扩增出1 038个AFLP条带，其中多态性条带占86.622%，全部个体显示了各自独特的AFLP图谱。AFLP标记的遗传多样性分析结果表明： 拟环纹豹蛛无论在物种水平(P=86.62%，H=0.2622，I=0.3101)，还是在种群水平（P=73.0%，H=0.2155，I=0.2554）都表现出较高的遗传多样性。其中湖南长沙雷锋镇种群内遗传变异最大，云南高黎贡山福贡种群内遗传变异最小，华南北部（湖南、湖北、江西）地区拟环纹豹蛛遗传多样性明显高于华南南部（云南、海南）种群。据种群变异来源分析，有35.77%的遗传变异来自种群间，64.23%的变异来源于种群内（N_m=0.898），不同地理种群显示出一定的遗传分化。分析认为海拔是影响拟环纹豹蛛遗传分化的重要因素，这为进一步明确我国稻田狼蛛优势种群在农药胁迫下的遗传适应性机制提供了实验依据。

Genetic diversity of different geographical populations of wolf spider (Pardosa pseudoannulata ) based on AFLP analysis

To study the mechanism of the genetic diversity of different Pardosa pseudoannulata populations,six characteristic geographical populations from China were selected.With eight pairs of AFLP selective primers,1 038 AFLP loci were recorded,of which 86.622% were polymorphic.All individuals showed unique AFLP patterns.Judged by the parameters of the percent of polymorphic bands(P),Shannon's index(I)and Nei's gene diversity index(H),P.pseudoannulata showed a high genetic diversity at the species level(P=86.62%,H=0.2622,I=0.3101)and the population level(P=73.0%,H=0.2155,I=0.2554),and had obvious genetic differentiation.The genetic diversity of P.pseudoannulata was higher in north of southern China(Hunan,Hubei and Jiangxi)than in south of southern China(Yunnan and Hainan).The intra-population genetic variation was largest in Leifeng town,Changsha of Hunan,and lowest in the Gaoligong Mountains of Yunnan.For the population variation source,35.77% genetic variation came from intra-population and 64.23% from inter-population(N_m=0.898).The results indicated that the altitude was one important factor affecting genetic variation of P.pseudoannulata.This offered evidence for further understanding the genetic mechanism of P.pseudoannulata diversification under the complicated environment.