分时电价下价格理性用户最优充电策略

电动汽车作为一种移动负荷，其充放电行为将对电网产生巨大的影响。在尖峰、峰、平、谷、尖谷5段分时充电电价与传统峰、平、谷3段分时放电电价下，建立了4类电动汽车充放电响应模型与价格理性用户最优充电策略，并计算出用户所需要的充电费用、电网的负荷量与网络损耗率。仿真结果表明：该模型求得的最优充电策略，不仅可以使用户费用降低，还可以大大降低电网的网络损耗率。

The Optimal Charging Strategy of EV Rational User Based on TOU Power Price

As a mobile load, the charging and discharging behaviors of electric vehicles will have a huge impact on the power grid. This paper makes a study of the electric charging and discharging strategy under time-of-use (TOU) power prices. Four types of EV response models are established, and the optimal charging strategy of rational user is given based on five periods of charging prices and three periods of discharging prices. Under this price strategy, the paper calculates the charging fees of EV users, the gird load and network loss. The simulation results show that the optimal charging strategy proposed not only reduces the cost of EV users but also significantly reduces the power network loss rate.