脉红螺Rapana venosa变态过程中自噬与凋亡研究

自噬与凋亡是细胞程序性死亡的主要形式,参与昆虫与两栖类动物的变态,并在旧器官的退化中发挥重要作用,但其在软体动物变态中的作用尚不清楚。本文对脉红螺Rapana venosa变态过程中自噬与凋亡的表达特征进行了研究,并通过药理学手段对脉红螺幼虫变态时期的自噬与凋亡进行了诱导和抑制。组织细胞学结果显示,在变态开始后,脉红螺幼虫面盘细胞自噬与凋亡的发生遵循严格的时序性关系,自噬的发生先于凋亡的发生;分子表达定位结果显示自噬与凋亡首先发生在脉红螺幼虫面盘的纤毛细胞中;对脉红螺变态时期进行自噬与凋亡的诱导和抑制后发现,面盘细胞中高水平的自噬会诱导凋亡发生,高水平的凋亡则会抑制自噬的表达。除此之外,脉红螺变态时期自噬与凋亡的诱导有助于脉红螺完成变态。这说明在脉红螺幼虫变态过程中,自噬对面盘进行充分利用后会诱导凋亡产生,自噬与凋亡协同作用使面盘退化。该结果有助于软体动物变态机制的研究,为自噬与凋亡在软体动物中的作用提供了新见解。

Autophagy and apoptosis during metamorphosis in Rapana venosa

Autophagy and apoptosis, the primary forms of programmed cell death, are involved in insect and amphibian metamorphosis and organ degeneration. However, their mechanisms are poorly understood in mollusks. This study investigates Rapana venosa metamorphosis and the expression patterns of autophagy and apoptosis induced and inhibited by pharmacological methods during metamorphosis. Histological results show that autophagy and apoptosis follow a strict temporal relationship: the expression of autophagy precedes apoptosis. Moreover, molecular expression and localization results indicate that autophagy and apoptosis first occur in ciliated velum cells. A high level of autophagy induces apoptosis, whereas apoptosis inhibits autophagy. In addition, the induction of autophagy and apoptosis help R. venosa complete metamorphosis. This study posits that autophagy induces apoptosis during metamorphosis after fully utilizing the velum. Moreover, autophagy and apoptosis act synergistically to degrade the velum. This study provides a better understanding of R. venosa metamorphosis from the perspective of autophagy and apoptosis.