涉水工程装备用聚合物摩擦副材料改性技术研究进展

聚合物作为摩擦副材料在涉水工程装备上应用前景广阔，然而与金属材料相比，聚合物材料存在强度低、蠕变、老化以及吸水等固有缺陷，并且在低速重载工况下难以形成完整的润滑水膜而导致零部件出现严重的磨损与振动问题，随着涉水工程装备运动副所面临复杂多样的极端环境和苛刻工况，极大地限制了聚合物材料作为摩擦副部件在涉水工程装备领域的应用。分析了聚合物材料在涉水极端环境中的主要摩擦学问题和面临的挑战，并从辐照与等离子体表面改性技术、填料共混复合改性技术、织构化表面调控技术，以及功能化水润滑表面调控技术4个方面，综述目前国内外关于涉水工程装备用聚合物摩擦副材料改性技术的研究进展，最后对涉水工程装备用聚合物摩擦副材料的制备技术和摩擦学研究方向进行总结和展望。

Research Progress on Modification Technology of Polymer Friction Pair Materials for Water-Related Engineering Equipment

Polymers as friction pair materials have broad application prospects in water-related engineering equipment.However,polymer materials have inherent defects such as low strength,creep,aging,and water absorption compared to metal materials.And it is difficult to form a complete lubricating water film under low-speed and heavy-load conditions,resulting in severe wear and vibration.In addition,the complex and diverse friction environments faced by water-related engineering equipment sports pairs greatly limit the application of polymer materials as friction pair components in water-related engineering equipment.The main tribological issues and challenges polymer materials face in extreme water environments were analyzed.Starting from four aspects,the irradiation and plasma surface modification technology,the filler blending composite modification technology,the textured surface control technology,and the functional water lubrication surface control technology,the current domestic and foreign research progress on modification technology of polymer friction pair materials for water-related engineering equipment was reviewed.The preparation technology and tribological research direction of polymer friction pair materials for water-related engineering equipment were summarized and prospected.