大气CO2增加对陆地生态系统微量气体地-气交换的影响

简要综述了近年来国内外在大气CO2浓度增加对微量气体交换影响方面的研究进展，首先介绍了有关大气CO2浓度增加的研究技术和方法，比较了目前两种常用技术开顶箱（OTC）和开放式空气CO2增加（FACE）方法的优缺点，然后着重阐述了用OTC和FACE研究陆地生态系统CH4、N2O、CO2等微量气体的地气交换对大气CO2浓度增加的响应，综合现有的资料表明，大气CO2浓度增加，会促进绿色植物生物量增加，同时改变生物质的C/N，降低有机质的分解速率，增强了陆地生态系统对大气CO2的固特作用；大气CO2浓度增加会提高产甲烷菌的活性和影响CH4的排放过程，有可能导致湿地生态系统CH4的排放增加；大气CO2浓度增加对N2O排放影响的研究较少，且尚无一致的结论；另外，对于其他微量气体，尚没有盯关研究报道，鉴于此，今后应加强大气CO2浓度增加的微量气体地气交换响应研究。

Effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on the exchange of trace gases between ecosystems and the atmosphere

The latest researches on the effects of elevated atmospheric CO 2 on the exchanges of trace gases (e.g., CO 2, CH 4 and N 2O) between the atmosphere and ecosystems were reviewed. The techniques and methods involved in the researches were introduced firstly. Then the review mainly focused upon the results from those studies using the open-top-chamber (OTC) methods and the free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) system. Generally, elevated atmospheric CO 2 may stimulate biomass accumulation, and enlarge C/N ratio in plant tissue so as to reduce the decomposition of organic matter. This action could increase CO 2 sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. Elevated atmospheric CO 2 could impact on methanogenic bacteria and CH 4 emissions. An increase in CH 4 emissions from wetland may appear. The argument among the responses of N 2O emissions to elevated CO 2, however, was inconsistent. So far, no study on other trace gases was reported. More efforts should be taken in the research on the effects of elevated atmospheric CO 2 on the exchange of trace gases.