经典Wnt信号通路与牙周膜干细胞成骨分化

牙周炎是口腔最常见的疾病之一，累及牙周支持组织，随着疾病的进展将引起附着丧失、牙周袋形成、牙槽骨吸收，最终导致牙齿松动脱落。因被牙周炎破坏吸收的牙槽骨自愈能力十分有限，所以牙周炎的治疗目标是在彻底清除菌斑生物膜的基础上，争取获得较多的牙周组织再生。牙周膜干细胞作为最适宜进行牙周组织再生的细胞，被广泛研究。Wnt信号通路分为经典Wnt通路和非经典Wnt信号通路，为十分复杂而高度保守的通路传导途径。该通路与牙周膜干细胞成骨分化的关系十分密切，牙周膜干细胞的成骨分化又对牙周组织再生有重要意义。该文对经典Wnt信号通路与牙周膜干细胞成骨分化的研究概况作一综述。

Canonical Wnt signaling pathway and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells

Periodontitis is one of the most common diseases in stomatology. It involves periodontal supporting tissues. As the disease progresses, it will cause attachment loss, periodontal pocket formation, alveolar bone resorption, and eventually tooth looseness and loss. Since the alveolar bone damaged and absorbed by periodontitis has very limited self healing ability, the goal of periodontitis treatment is to get as much periodontal tissue regeneration as possible on the basis of completely removing the plaque biofilm. Periodontal ligament stem cells are widely studied as the most suitable cells for periodontal tissue regeneration. Wnt signaling pathway can be divided into canonical Wnt pathway and non canonical Wnt signaling pathway, which are very complex and highly conservative pathways. This pathway is closely related to the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells which is important for periodontal tissue regeneration. This article reviewed the research status of canonical Wnt signaling pathway and the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells.