新疆16个地方杏品种特性比较

目的]为新疆的杏资源开发利用和育种提供理论依据.方法]以鲜食兼加工优良品种轮台小白杏为对照,对15个新疆地方杏品种的物候期、单果重、出仁率、果实VC含量、总糖、糖酸比等指标进行对比分析.结果]测定了轮台小白杏和15个新疆杏地方品种的物候期、单果重、果实营养品质等各项指标,发现新疆杏各地方品种花期较集中,但是果实成熟期、单果重以及营养品质相差较大,开发潜力大.结论]毛拉肖和贾格达玛伊桑都是甜仁,出仁率高、核壳薄,适合加工；堪及玉吕克的极晚熟性可配合其他优良品种尝试培育一些中晚熟杏新品种；除堪及玉吕克、莎车黑叶杏、洛浦2号外,其余品种鲜食性都较好,其中贾格达玛伊桑鲜食性最强.

Comparison between 16 Apricot Cultivars

Objective]To provide a theoretical basis for Xinjiang apricot resources development, utilization and breeding.Method]The fine varieties of freshly processing Luntai white apricots were served as controls,phenological periods,fruit average weight,kernel percentage,fruit VC content,total sugar, sugar acid ratio and other indicators of 15 Xinjiang local apricot varieties were compared and analyzed. Result]Indicators such as phenophase,fruit weight,fruit nutritional quality of Luntai white apricots and 15 other local apricot varieties were determined.It has been found that the blossom time of the local varieties is within a short period of time,but their fruit maturity,average weight and nutritional quality vary greatly They have a great potential for development.Conclusion]Apricots like Maolaxiao and Jagger Dharma Ethan are of sweet kernels,producing high percentage of kernels with thin shells,which are suitable for processing. Cultivars like Kan and Yulik mature late.They can be tried with other fine varieties as late - maturing new varieties.In addition to Kan and Yulik apricots,Shache black leaf apricot and Luopu 2 both have good freshness.Among them,Jagger Dharma Ethan's freshness is the strongest.