学龄期儿童膳食多样化与微量营养素摄入量的关联性分析

目的探究学龄期儿童膳食多样化与微量营养素摄入量的关系,为指导儿童科学饮食促进儿童健康提供科学依据。方法课题组于2009年在江苏省射阳县建立关于儿童生长发育研究的出生队列,选取随访的442名6~7岁儿童作为研究对象。采用24 h膳食回顾调查评估儿童膳食状况,根据《中国食物成分表》估算微量营养素的摄入量并计算儿童膳食多样化评分(DDS和DDS10)和食物多样性评分(FVS);同时评估儿童体格发育指标,应用多变量回归模型分析膳食多样化和微量营养素摄入量与儿童肥胖的关系。结果研究地区儿童膳食微量营养素摄入量低于该年龄组的中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量。三种儿童膳食多样化评分均值低于国内其他研究(DDS:6.69±1.59;DDS10:4.94±1.51;FVS:16.79±7.53)。儿童膳食多样化评分与大部分微量营养素摄入状况均呈显著性正相关(DDS:β=0.14~1.28;DDS10:β=0.17~1.58;FVS:β=0.04~0.25,P<0.05),但膳食多样化评分与儿童肥胖无显著相关性(P>0.05)。结论膳食多样化评分能从一定程度反映儿童微量营养素摄入的状况。倡导饮食多样化的膳食模式对促进儿童健康成长具有重要意义。

Associations between dietary diversity and micronutrients intakes in school-age children

Objective To explore the relations between dietary diversity and micronutrient intakes in school-age children in a rural area of China,in order to provide scientific basis for guiding children′s scientific diet to promote children′s health. Methods Totally 442 children aged 6-7 years in Sheyang Mini Birth Cohort Study were enrolled.24 h dietary recall survey was conducted to evaluate nutritional status.Micronutrient intakes and dietary diversity were calculated according to Chinese Food Composition Tables (CFCT) 2004 and 2009.Weight and height of children were measured and obesity was defined based on sex- and age-standardized body mass index.Multivariable regression models were preformed to examine associations of dietary diversity with micronutrient intakes and childhood obesity. Results The intakes of micronutrients was lower than age-specific Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) (2013 edition).Mean values of three Dietary Diversity Scores were lower than those in several studies (DDS:6.69±1.59; DDS₁₀:4.94±1.51; FVS:16.79±7.53) in China.Dietary Diversity Score was significantly positively associated with micronutrients intake (DDS:β=0.14-1.28; DDS₁₀:β=0.17-1.58; FVS:β=0.04-0.25,P<0.05).No significant association was observed between dietary diversity and childhood obesity. Conclusions The findings suggest that Dietary Diversity Score could act as an effective indicator for micronutrient intake in children.