切尔诺贝利核事故受害者内脏器官病变的发展及治疗特点

本文在介绍切尔诺贝利核事故受害者内脏器官病理发展共同特点的基础上,着重指出心血管系统病变在此人群发病率和死亡率中的主要地位;救援人员中缺血性心脏病发病率高于普通人群,且多见于受照剂量大于0.25Gy者;对此疾病,除了通用的治疗措施外,报告强调要修正公认的一些风险因素,如吸烟、饮食习惯和超体重等.指出救援人员中消化道溃疡病发病率高于普通人群,提示应采取针对性治疗措施.还指出受照者体内照射最大危险来自铯137,提出要服用"婓拉丁"含铁合剂来减少铯137在胃肠道吸收和促排;还介绍了一种以植物提取物为主剂的"植物志群"组方,促排效果明显.在此基础上,提出了对受害者通用的治疗原则.

The development of internal organs pathological changes in Chernobyl accident victims and the therapeutic key-points

This paper described the common characteristics of the development of internal organs pathological changes in Chernobyl accident victims. The pathological changes of cardiovascular system were the main cause of diseases and death for this population. The occurrence of ischemic cardiopathy among the accident rescuers, especially those exposed to radiation at dose higher than 0. 25Gy, was higher than that in the general population. It was emphasized that, for the treatment of this disease, the necessary alleviation of some of the risk factors should be carried out, for example, smoking, eating habit and overweight, etc. The incidence of the ulcer in the digestion tract among the accident rescuers was also higher than in the general population, and adequate therapeutic measure should be taken. The most important risk factor of internal exposure originated from cesium-137. It was necessary to take the drugs to block the absorption of cesium- 137 from the gastrointestinal system and to accelerate its excretion. A compound extracted chiefly from plants showed an obvious effect on accelerating excretion. A general principle for the treatment of the victims was also suggested in this paper.