侧柏叶对烟草仓储害虫烟草甲和赤拟谷盗的毒杀作用

为有效防治烟草仓储害虫,进行了新型植物防护剂的开发研究。通过熏蒸和触杀试验测试了侧柏叶挥发油及单体成分活性,并通过GC/MS分析了侧柏叶挥发油的化学成分。结果显示:①GC/MS分析共鉴定出侧柏叶挥发油成分34种,占总成分的93.28%,其主要成分为:α-蒎烯(15.08%)、雪松醇(12.63%)、3-蒈烯(9.68%)和石竹烯(9.02%)。②通过生物活性筛选,侧柏叶挥发油对烟草甲和赤拟谷盗触杀的半数致死量分别为50.45和48.59μg/头;对二者熏蒸活性的半数致死浓度为145.40和39.25 mg/L。③从侧柏叶挥发油中得到3种活性成分:α-蒎烯、β-水芹烯和4-萜烯醇。因此,侧柏叶挥发油及其活性单体对烟草甲和赤拟谷盗均具有一定的触杀和熏蒸活性。 

Toxic Activities of Platycladus orientalis Against Lasioderma serricorne and Tribolium castaneum in Stored Tobacco

In order to effectively control the pests in stored tobacco leaves,new botanical protectants were studied and developed.The activities of essential oil and isolated components of Platycladus orientalis were tested via fumigation and contact toxicity assays,and the chemical components in the essential oil were analyzed by GC/MS.The results showed that:1) A total of 34 components were identified in the essential oil,which accounted for 93.28% of total components;and the major components were α-pinene(15.08%),cedrol(12.63%),3-carene(9.68%) and caryophyllene(9.02%).2) By means of bioactivity screening,the essential oil possessed potential contact toxicity against Lasioderma serricorne(LD₅₀=50.45 μ g/adult) and Tribolium castaneum(LD₅₀=48.59 μ g/adult),and it also possessed fumigation toxicity against Lasioderma serricorne(LC₅₀=145.40 mg/L) and Tribolium castaneum(LC₅₀=39.25 mg/L).3) Three active components,α-pinene,β-phellandrene and 4-terpinenol,were obtained from the essential oil.It was proved that the essential oil of Platycladus orientalis and its active isolated components possessed certain contact and fumigation toxic activities against Lasioderma serricorne and Tribolium castaneum.