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In vitro kinematics of the shoulder following rotator cuff injury |
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| Authors: | Kedgley Angela E Mackenzie Geoffrey A Ferreira Louis M Johnson James A Faber Kenneth J |
| Affiliation: | aBioengineering Research Laboratory, Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph’s Health Care London, 268 Grosvenor Street, London Ontario, Canada N6A 4L6 bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, Canada cDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, Canada dDepartment of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, Canada eDepartment of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, Canada |
| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Tears in the rotator cuff may result in altered mechanics of the glenohumeral joint. It is not unusual for some patients with cuff tears to exhibit near normal motion with the injured shoulder, while other patients with the same magnitude of injury are unable to achieve full elevation on the injured side. METHODS: The effect of simulated tears of the rotator cuff on active glenohumeral joint kinematics was investigated by testing eight cadaveric specimens using an in vitro shoulder simulator. Active abduction of the humerus was produced by applying forces to simulate loading of the supraspinatus, subscapularis, infraspinatus/teres minor, and the anterior, middle, and posterior thirds of the deltoid. Three sequential 1cm lesions were created in the rotator cuff, the first two in the supraspinatus tendon and the third in the subscapularis tendon. FINDINGS: The plane of abduction moved posteriorly and became more abnormal throughout abduction with increased tear size. No difference was observed in the internal/external rotation of the humerus or the position of the humeral head on the glenoid during elevation. INTERPRETATION: In order to generate the motions achieved by the intact joint, patients with rotator cuff insufficiency likely employ other muscle groups. Retraining muscle groups surrounding the glenohumeral joint may decrease the need for surgical interventions. |
| Keywords: | Rotator cuff Biomechanics Shoulder Kinematics Glenohumeral joint |
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