促进微生物胞外电子转移的纳米材料研究进展

胞外电子转移（EET）是产电微生物在代谢过程中将自身产生的电子转移到外部电子受体的过程，然而较缓慢的胞外电子转移速率显著影响了微生物燃料电池（MFCs）的产电性能，提高胞外电子转移的效率对推动微生物燃料电池的大规模应用具有重要意义。纳米材料具备优异的导电性、稳定性以及生物相容性，对改善阳极与产电微生物之间的电子传递速率具有重要作用。该文综述了胞外电子转移的主要路径，阐述了不同种类的纳米材料在促进胞外电子转移过程中的机理和其对应的MFCs产电性能，并展望了纳米材料强化微生物EET过程在微生物电化学技术利用方面的研究前景。

Research progress of nanomaterials promoting microbial extracellular electron transfer

Extracellular electron transfer (EET) is a process in which electrically-generated microorganisms transfer electrons to external electron acceptors during metabolism. However, the relatively slow rate of extracellular electron transfer significantly affects the electrical performance of Microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Improving the efficiency of extracellular electron transfer is of great significance for promoting the large-scale application of microbial fuel cells. Due to their excellent electrical conductivity, stability and biocompatibility, nanomaterials have been widely used to promote the extracellular electron transfer of microorganisms. This review summarizes the main routes of extracellular electron transfer, expounds the mechanism of different kinds of nano materials in promoting the process of extracellular electron transfer and the electrical properties of their corresponding MFCs, and looks forward to the research prospect of nano materials strengthening microbial EET process in the utilization of microbial electrochemical technology. Although there are still challenges to improve the electrical performance of microbial fuel cells, nanomaterials have great potential to promote the application of EET processes.