3种杀虫剂不同剂型对葡萄蓟马的室内生物活性及田间防效

目的]为明确避雨栽培葡萄上3种常用杀虫剂及不同剂型对葡萄蓟马的室内生物活性和葡萄不同生长期的田间防治效果。方法]试验采用浸液饲喂法测定了葡萄蓟马的室内种群活性,并进行田间防效试验。结果]3种杀虫剂对葡萄蓟马的室内生物活性啶虫脒和阿维菌素较高,吡虫啉相对较低,依次为啶虫脒EC>啶虫脒WG>阿维菌素EC>吡虫啉EC>吡虫啉WG;田间防效试验发现,在葡萄的花前期和浆果生长期啶虫脒施药后1 d的防效均在60%以上,施药后7 d啶虫脒和阿维菌素的防效均在80%~95%,而吡虫啉的防效在不同时期施用均低于80%;不同剂型间,乳油表现出相对较好的防治效果。结论]阿维菌素和啶虫脒可推荐为避雨栽培葡萄上防治蓟马的首选药剂,2者属于不同类型杀虫剂,适宜交替使用,能降低蓟马对杀虫剂快速产生抗性的风险,应该在葡萄花期前对蓟马进行防除,防止其数量暴发。

Indoor Biological Activity and Field Control Effect of Three Insecticides and Different Formulations on Thrips of Grape

Aims] This study aims to clarify the indoor biological activity to grape thrips and the field control effect of the three commonly used insecticides and different formulations on grapes in different growth periods by means of rain-shelter cultivation. Me thods] In this study, the field population toxicity of grape thrips were measured by the immersion feeding method, and the field control effect experiment was performed. Results] The indoor toxicity of three insecticides on grape thrips was high in acetamiprid and avermectin, imidacloprid has held the relatively low indoor biological activity, the results of indoor toxicity were as follow: acetamiprid EC>acetamiprid WG>avermectin EC>imidacloprid EC>imidacloprid WG;field control experiments indicated that the control effect of acetamiprid in the pre-flowering stage and berry growth period was more than 60% at 1 d after application, and at 7 d after application avermectin had held the control effect of 80-95%, and imidacloprid had a control effect of less than 80% at different times. Emulsifiable concentrate showed a relatively good control effect among different dosage forms of insecticides.Conclusions] Avermectin and acetamiprid can be recommended as the preferred agents for controlling thrips on grapes of rain-shelter cultivation. Meanwhile, these two insecticides do not belong to the same type, and their suitably alternative use can reduce the rapid resistance of thrips to insecticides. The thrips should be controlled before flowering of grapes to prevent their outbreaks.