金属矿山和陶瓷厂生产性粉尘的致炎性反应

目的比较金属矿山和陶瓷厂生产性粉尘刺激巨噬细胞引发炎性反应及炎性因子释放情况,为早期发现粉尘对健康损害的作用提供依据。方法以佛波酯(PMA)诱导人单核细胞株(THP-1细胞)分化的巨噬细胞为靶细胞,选取瓷厂、钨矿、锡矿3种厂矿作业点采集的呼吸性生产性粉尘样为实验组,以标准石英为对照组,按37.5、75、150、300μg/mL浓度组染毒细胞6h,测定细胞活力(MTT法)、活性氧(ROS)释放量及细胞因子(IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、TGF-β1、IL-18)的水平。结果瓷厂、钨矿及锡矿粉尘均导致巨噬细胞的存活率下降,释放炎性细胞因子(IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-18)及抗炎细胞因子(TGF-β1),并随粉尘浓度的升高呈现明显的剂量反应关系。瓷厂粉尘导致巨噬细胞活力下降的能力最强,锡矿粉尘次之,钨矿粉尘最弱;钨矿和锡矿粉尘诱导巨噬细胞产生前炎性细胞因子(IL-1β、TNF-α和IL-6)的能力强于瓷厂粉尘,在低浓度组(37.5、75μg/mL),钨矿和锡矿粉尘诱导巨噬细胞产生IL-1β的能力显著强于标准石英,而在最高浓度组(300μg/mL),标准石英诱导产生IL-1β的能力显著强于瓷厂、钨矿及锡矿粉尘。钨矿和锡矿粉尘在各浓度组诱导巨噬细胞产生TNF-α的能力均显著强于标准石英。但钨矿粉尘未能影响巨噬细胞产生TGF-β1的水平,锡矿粉尘未能诱导巨噬细胞产生IL-18。结论不同来源生产性粉尘可引发不同程度的炎性反应,其严重程度与前期报道的人群尘肺发病危险度相一致,炎性细胞因子(IL-1β、TNF-α和IL-6)可作为早期预测粉尘对人体健康损害程度的参考指标。

Inflammatory Responses Induced by Silica Dust from Metal Mines and Pottery Factory

Objective To compare inflammatory responses and adverse health effects induced by silica dust samples from metal mines and pottery factory on macrophages in vitro.Methods Differentiated THP-1 macrophages stimulated by Phorbo 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA)were selected as target cells,and then treated with respirable silica dusts from pottery factory,tungsten and tin mines at concentrations of 37.5,75,150 and 300 μg/mL for 6 h.Standard quartz was used as positive control.Cell viability,the release of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and the levels of IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-6,TGF-β1 and IL-18 were determined to assess the inflammatory responses of the silica dust samples.Results Clear dose-response relationships were observed between all silica dust samples from the three worksites and the release of IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-6,TGF-β1 and IL-18.The cell viability was decreased when the concentrations of silica dust samples were increased.The silica dust from pottery factory resulted in the strongest decrease of cell viability,followed by tin mine and the weakest of tungsten mine.The levels of proinfalmmatory cytokines(IL-1β,TNF-α and IL-6)induced by silica dust from tungsten and tin mines were higher than those from pottery factory.The levels of IL-1β and TNF-α induced by silica dust from tungsten and tin mines were higher than in positive controls at concentrations of 37.5 and 75 μg/mL,but the highest level of IL-1β was induced by standard quartz at concentration of 300 μg/mL.The levels of TNF-α induced by silica dust from tungsten and tin mines were higher than positive controls at all concentrations.However,silica dust from tungsten and tin mines was incapable of inducing the release of TGF-β1 and IL-18,respectively.Conclusion The different inflammatory responses were observed among a variety of sources of silica dust,but the levels of proinflammatory cytokines were found well consistent with the risk of silicosis among dust-exposed workers in our previous study.Thus,the proinflammatory cytokines(IL-1β,TNF-α and IL-6)could be used as early indicators to assess the hazard of silica dust on workers.