贵州省主要农作物及其副产物资源调查与饲用价值评价研究

为了充分挖掘贵州省丰富的农作物副产物资源、缓解饲料资源短缺和加快推进农作物副产物综合利用,基于《贵州统计年鉴》（2006-2019年）及实地调查数据,开展贵州主要农作物（稻谷、小麦、玉米、大豆、甘蔗、花生、油菜、薏苡和荞麦）及其副产物资源调查,对收集到的部分农作物副产物的常规营养成分、消化能和相对饲用价值（RFV）进行综合评价。结果表明,在9种贵州主要农作物副产物中,小麦秸秆、薏苡秸秆和花生秸秆具有较高的粗蛋白含量（8.68%、8.52%和8.45%）、较低的酸性洗涤纤维（46.74%、40.63%和37.75%）和中性洗涤纤维含量（51.74%、46.37%和43.16%）,营养成分较好;油菜秸杆、花生秸秆和薏苡秸秆的消化能（分别为10.91、9.25和8.91MJ/kg）均显著优于其他6种农作物副产物;油菜秸秆、花生秸秆和稻草的RFV均显著高于其他6种农作物副产物,且RFV高于100（分别为148.65、110.34和102.68）。说明在贵州地区,油菜秸秆、花生秸秆和薏苡秸秆等农作物副产物相对利用价值较高。

Investigation on Main Crops and Their By-Products in Guizhou and the Evaluation of Feeding Value

In order to fully tap the abundant local crop by-product resources in Guizhou, alleviate the shortage of feeding resources and accelerate the comprehensive utilization of crop by-products. Based on Guizhou Statistical Yearbook (2006-2019) and field survey data, this experiment investigated the by-product resources of main crops (rice, wheat, corn, soybean, sugarcane, peanut, rape, coix and buckwheat) in Guizhou. The conventional nutrient composition, digestible energy and relative feeding value (RFV) of some collected crop by-product samples were comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that, among the nine main crop by-products in Guizhou, wheat straw, coix straw and peanut straw had higher crude protein (8.68%, 8.52%, 8.45%), lower acid detergent fiber (46.74%, 40.63%, 37.75%) and neutral detergent fiber (51.74%, 46.37%, 43.16%), with good nutrient contents. The digestible energy of rape straw, peanut straw and coix straw (10.91, 9.25 and 8.91MJ/kg, respectively) were significant higher than the other six common by-products. The RFV of rape straw, peanut straw and straw were significantly higher than that of the other six by-products, and RFV were higher than 100 (148.65, 110.34 and 102.68, respectively). The results showed that rape straw, peanut straw, and coix straw had higher utilization value in Guizhou.