绵阳市2009-2011年手足口病监测结果分析

目的了解绵阳市手足口病的流行病学特征和病原学型别及变化规律,为科学制订预防和控制策略提供依据。方法对2009-2011年中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统统计的绵阳市手足口病病例进行流行病学分析、对送检的咽拭子标本采用实时荧光PCR(RT-PCR)法进行EV71、CoxA16及其他肠道病毒的核酸检测。结果病原学检测结果:2009年检测标本159例,阳性标本90例,阳性率56.60%,病原优势株为EV71型,占95.56%;2010年检测标本198例,阳性标本110例,阳性率55.56%,病原优势株为CoxA16型,占87.27%;2011年检测标本241例,阳性标本138例,阳性率57.26%,病原优势株为EV71型,占92.75%。流行病学监测结果:2009年报告手足口病病例1422例,发病率26.82/10万;2010年报告手足口病病例2 348例,发病率44.19/10万;2011年共报告手足口病病例2963例,发病率62.20/10万。发病时间高峰在4～6月;发病年龄集中在1～3岁组,占75.69%;男性高于女性,男女比例为1.86∶1;发病的场所分布以散居儿童为主。结论绵阳市手足口发病发病率呈逐年上升趋势,病原的流行株以EV71和CoxA16为主,呈交替流行态势。因此,继续加强手足口健康知识教育、宣传和病例及病原学监测工作对于手足口病的科学防控具有重要意义。

Analysis on monitoring result of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Mianyang from 2009 to 2011

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics,pathogenic serotype and regular pattern of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD),and provide basis for formulating control measures.Method Do epidemiological analysis on the HFMD cases that collected by National Disease Reporting Information System,and do nucleic acid testing of EV71,CoxA16 and other enterovirus for the throat swab samples by RT-PCR.Results The etiology detection results: 90 cases were positive among the 159 detected samples in 2009,with the positive rate of 56.60%,and the dominant etiologic strain was EV71(95.56%);110 cases were positive among the 198 detected samples in 2010,with the positive rate of 55.56%,and the dominant etiologic strain was CoXA16(87.27%);and 138 cases were positive among the 241 detected samples in 2011,with the positive rate of 57.26%,and the dominant etiologic strain was EV71(92.75%).The epidemiogogical monitoring results: 1 422 cases of HFMD were reported in 2009,with the mobidity of 26.82/100 000;2 348 cases of HFMD were reported in 2010,with the mobidity of 44.19/100 000;and 2 963 cases of HFMD were reported in 2011,with the mobidity of 62.20/100 000.The peak time of incidence was from April to June;the age with high incidence was from 1 to 3 years old(75.69%).Male patients were larger than female patients,with the sex ratio of 1.86∶1;and scattered children were the main patients.Conclusions The incidence of HFMD presented a rising trend year by year.The epidemic pathogenic strains were EV71 and CoXA16,and these two strains were prevalent alternatively.Consequently,continuing to enhance the education and propaganda of health knowledge,and monitor work of HFMD had important significance for the scientific control of HFMD.