辽东地区农民采用玉米品种影响因素调查分析

以随机访问形式对辽东地区丹东市五龙背镇农民进行问卷调查。调查结果表明，农民对玉米品种的认知比较模糊，当地主栽品种为丹玉99、丹科2157、丹大5号和辽丹933，其中丹玉99、丹科2157、丹大5号适合中等以上肥力地块种植，辽丹933适合坡岗地种植；农民采用玉米品种受农民自身经济文化水平、品种性状因素及外部环境因素影响。建议落实粮食优质优价政策，促进种植业结构调整；提高农民科技素质，加大科技培训力度；种子科研部门要不断开发符合市场需求的优势品种；充分利用大众传播媒介，宣传玉米品种信息；建立以农户为中心的品种推广机制；大力发展农民合作组织，促进玉米品种推广；充分发挥农业技术推广部门在玉米品种推广中的作用。

A Resultant Analysis of the Investigation into the Factors That Influence Farmers Choosing Strains of Maize in the Eastern Area of Liaoning Province

An investigation of the type of questions and answers into the farmers of Wulongbei, a town of Dandong City, Liaoning Province, was carried out by random sampling. The results show that farmers are ambiguous about what strain （s） of maize to choose.Usually,they choose no more than two strains of maize. Local strains of maize,such as Dauyu 99, Danke 2157, Danda 5 and Liaodan 933, are chosen to be grown there.Strains of maize like Danyu 99, Danke 2157 and Danda No.5 are suitable to grow in the plots with mid-degree fertility, usually yielding more than 12000kg·hm^-2. Liaodan 933 is also fit to grow in sloping or hillocky plots. The factors, such as economic situation, educational background, traits of strains of maize and external environment all can produce suggested that the grain policy of high influence on what strains of maize the local peasants choose. It is price for high-quality grain should be implemented;a readjustment be made for the current crop-growing structure; the local peasants＇ tech-quality be further developed by strengthening sci-tech training; seed-researching departments keep on developing advantageous strsains of maize needed by market; full use be made of mass media to spread maize-strain-related information;a peasant-household-centralised operating mechanism for maize strain popularization be established; peasants-run cooperative organizations be fully developed to promote maize strain popularisation; and full play be given to the role of agri-tech-popularisation departments in maize-strain popularisation.