我国儿童急性中毒临床流行病学现状:1994年至2006年发表论文的荟萃分析

目的:研究我国儿童急性中毒的临床流行病学特点。方法:通过文献检索和搜集,采用Meta(荟萃)分析,对我国1994年至2006年间中国医院知识仓库(CHKD)发表的有关研究儿童急性中毒的临床流行病学调查结果进行汇总、归纳和统计分析。结果:共检索到文献142篇,有62篇进入Meta分析,总计报告9335例;男女比例为1.46:1,城乡比例为1:1.95。急性中毒患儿1岁～3岁占36.03%,4岁～6岁占34.51%。中毒物种以农药、药物和灭鼠药三类为主,共占73.03%。中毒原因以误服误食为主(76.13%);中毒途径以消化道为主(88.19%)。死亡率达4.38%,死亡中毒毒种以灭鼠药为主(70.27%);中毒致残率为6.07%。结论:本报告提供了近期我国儿童急性中毒的临床流行病学模式,为今后制定儿童急性中毒临床快速诊治和预防措施具有重要意义。

Clinical Epidemiology of Children Acute Poisoning in China:Meta-Analysis for Literature Published in 1994-2006

Objective To understand the recent clinical epidemiology of children acute poisoning in China.Methods Date source:all articles from 1994-2006 relevant to children acute poisoning in main land of China were identified through 'CHKD' search and article bibliographies.Results 142 articles were identified,62 articles were selected for meta-analysis based on inclusion and criteria.A total of 9 335 children acute poisoning cases were reported in 62 articles,in which the male to female ration was 1.46:1,the city and town to countryside ration was 1:1.95.In patients,36.03% were at the age of 1 to 3 and 34.51% at the age of 4 to 6.The common poisons were pesticide,medicine and mouse drugs(account for 73.03%).Ingesting wrongly was the most common cause of poisoning(76.13%),in these patients,and the gastrointestinal tract was the frequently route of poisoning(88.19%).The general fatal rate of children acute poisoning was 4.38%,and the common poisons of fatal poisoning children were mouse drugs(70.27%).The general disabilities rate of children acute poisoning was 6.07%.Conclusion This study provides the recent clinical epidemiological pattern of children acute poisoning in China,which are valuable for making policies and taking effective measures to diagnosis,treat and prevent poisoning.