小汤山医院680例SARS患者药品不良反应分析

目的 研究小汤山医院SARS患者用药过程中药品不良反应的发生情况.方法通过制定和下发合理用药手册,成立临时药品不良反应监测小组等方式指导合理用药,跟踪随访并实时收集所有不良反应报告.采用WHO不良反应分级、分类标准,参考解放军总医院医院信息系统(Hospital Information System,HIS)的原始数据,回顾性系统分析不良反应的发生情况及规律.结果小汤山医院680例SARS患者中,共发生药品不良反应193例(251例次,男性87例,女性106例),发生率28.38%.女性和老年SARS患者的不良反应发生率高于男性和青年患者;重症和原有糖尿病的SARS患者更易发生不良反应;大剂量和合并用药更易引起药品不良反应;激素类药物是本次SARS治疗中引起药品不良反应的主要因素;而且注射剂比各种口服制剂引起的不良反应发生率更高.本次发生的各种药品不良反应主要集中在血液系统异常、胃肠系统异常和内分泌异常.结论 SARS药物治疗涉及品种多、剂量大,不良反应的发生率较高,SARS治疗需慎重使用激素类药物.

Analysis of Adverse Drug Reaction in 680 Patients with SARS in Xiao Tang Shan Hospital

Objective To investigate the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of patients with SARS in Xiao Tang Shan Hospital.Methods We developed and distributed Drug Use Handbook and established ADRs monitoring group to guide resaonable drug use. We followed up the process and collected clinical report on ADRs. We retrospectively analyzed the data on ADRs by the classification and grade of ADRs according to WHO and Hospital Information Sysytem (HIS) of Chinese PLA General Hospital.Results We collected 193 (87 males and 106 females) patients with ADRs among 680 SARS patients with incidence rate of ADRs of 28.38%. The ADRs incidence rate was higher in females and elders. Critical SARS patients and SARS patients with diabetes were more susceptible to ADRs. Large dosage and combination of drugs may induce ADRs. Steroids may be a main cause of ADRs. The ADRs incidence rate induced by injection was higher than that induced by all kinds of oral drugs. ADRs mainly happened in hematological, endocrine and digestive systems. Conclusion SARS patients are prescribed many kinds of medications. Large dosage of so many medications may lend to high incidence rate of ADRs. Steroid should be cautiously used in the treatment of SARS.