臭葱石的合成及其工艺应用研究进展

臭葱石(FeAsO₄·2H₂O)兼具高砷容量和高稳定性，是目前公认最环保安全的固砷材料。臭葱石沉淀法作为一种砷的固定和处置手段，广泛用于含砷废水和含砷固废的处理中。本文首先综述了近几十年发展起来的的3类臭葱石合成方法(水热合成法、常压合成法和生物合成法)，并系统地阐述了这些方法的原理、适用范围和优缺点。此外，还论述了一些重要的衍生合成方法，介绍了基于4种合成方法开发的臭葱石工艺的应用。与其他合成方法相比，改进常压法具有操作简单、沉砷效率高、臭葱石颗粒尺寸大和浸出稳定性高等优势，已成为合成臭葱石的主流方法，有可能被广泛采用。

Research Progress on Synthesis and Process Application of Scorodite

Scorodite (FeAsO4·2H2O) is currently recognized as the most environmentally safe material for arsenic fixation due to its high arsenic capacity and high stability. As a means of arsenic fixation and disposal, scorodite precipitation method is widely used to treat arsenic-containing wastewater and arsenic-bearing solid wastes.In this paper, three kinds of scorodite synthesis methods (hydrothermal method, atmospheric method and biological method) proposed and developed in recent decades are first reviewed.The principles, application scope, advantages and disadvantages of these methods are systematically described. In addition, some important derivative synthesis methods are discussed. At the same time, the application of scorodite process developed on the basis of four synthesis methods is introduced. Compared with other synthetic methods, the improved atmospheric synthesis method has become the main method of scorodite synthesis due to its easy operation, high efficiency of arsenic precipitation as well as the advantages of large particle size and high leaching stability of the product. Therefore, the elevated temperature, atmospheric pressure process is likely to be widely adopted in the future. Finally, the directions and application prospect of scorodite process are proposed.