内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术后肠胆反流的发生因素分析

目的 探讨内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术(EST)术后肠胆反流(DBR)的发生因素.方法 在2012年9月至2016年2月选择在该院消化科进行住院诊治的胆总管结石患者198例,所有患者都给予十二指肠乳头EST,判断术后DBR发生情况,调查发生因素,同时进行奥狄括约肌(Oddi括约肌)功能的测定与远期并发症的随访.结果 所有患者都顺利完成EST,198例患者平均胆总管直径为(2.24±0.24)cm,平均胆总管结石数量为(3.63±1.12)个,胆总管结石最大直径为(1.02±0.19)cm.EST术后出现DBR 12例,发生率为6.1%,平均放射性活度为(3.39±0.89)MBq.EST术后Oddi括约肌收缩压高峰值和收缩频率分别为(31.49±4.22)mm Hg和(3.78±0.53)次/min,都明显低于术前(P<0.05);术后Oddi括约肌基础压和胆总管压力分别为(8.23±1.03)mm Hg和(3.32±0.45)mm Hg,与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).Logistic回归分析表明合并胆囊结石、胆总管直径、术前术后Oddi括约肌收缩频率差值、结石数量、结石最大直径为EST术后DBR发生的影响因素(P<0.05).所有患者术后随访6个月,发生远期并发症18例,发生率为9.1%,其中反流性胆管炎4例,胆管狭窄6例,乳头狭窄4例,结石复发4例.结论 十二指肠乳头EST术后DBR比较常见,可导致Oddi括约肌功能下降与远期并发症的增加,需要积极加强预防管理.

Occurrence factors analysis of duodenobiliary reflux after endoscopic duodenal sphincterotomy

Objective To investigate the occurrence factors of duodenobiliary reflux (DBR) after endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST ) .Methods A total of 198 patients with choledocholithiasis hospitalized in the digestive department of the hospital from Sep-tember 2012 to February 2016 were selected and given duodenal papilla EST .The DBR occurrence was judged and the occurrence factors were investigated ,meanwhile the Oddi sphincter function was measured and long term complications were followed up .Re-sults All patients successfully completed EST ,the average common bile duct diameter in 198 cases was (2 .24 ± 0 .24)cm ,the aver-age common bile duct stones number was 3 .63 ± 1 .12 ;the maximum diameter of common bile duct stones was (1 .02 ± 0 .19)cm . There were 12 cases of DBR after EST ,the occurrence rate was 6 .1% ,the average radioactivity was (3 .39 ± 0 .89)MBq .The post-operative Oddi sphincter systolic peak and contraction frequency were (31 .49 ± 4 .22)mm Hg and (3 .78 ± 0 .53) times /min ,which were significantly lower than those before operation (P<0 .05);and the postoperative Oddi sphincter basic pressure and common bile duct pressure were (8 .23 ± 1 .03)mm Hg and (3 .32 ± 0 .45)mm Hg respectively ,which had no statistical difference compared with preoperation (P>0 .05) .The Logistic regression analysis showed that complicating gallbladder stone ,diameter of common bile duct ,frequency difference of Oddi sphincter contraction before and after operation ,number of stones and maximum diameter of stone were the main risk factors for postoperative DBR occurrence (P<0 .05) .All cases were followed up for 6 months ,18 cases developed long term complications ,the incidence rate was 9 .1% ,including 4 cases of reflux cholangitis ,6 cases of bile duct stric-ture ,4 cases of papillary stenosis and 4 cases of recurrence .Conclusion DBR after duodenal papilla EST is common ,which can re-sult in the Oddi sphincter function decrease and increase of long-term complications ,and needs to actively strengthen prevention and management .