犬烟雾吸入伤早期肺洗出液对大鼠肺损伤作用的研究

目的 研究犬烟雾吸入伤早期肺洗出液是否具有生物学活性及其活性强度的持续时间。方法 建立大急性重度烟雾吸入伤模型，伤后1h对伤肺进行生理盐水大容量灌洗，将一定量之洗出液经气管注入正常大鼠气道，观察自主呼吸24h间大鼠呼吸频率、血气及离体肺含水量和肺泡稳定性等变化。结果 与正常大鼠、等容量生理盐水或正常犬肺洗出液气道灌注大鼠相比，用烟雾吸入伤犬早期肺洗出液灌注大鼠气道24h内死亡率高；存活者RR波动大，PaO2显著下降；肺水含量高，静态总肺顺应性和肺扩张指数低提示肺泡稳定性差；肺组织氧化能力显著升高，总抗氧化能力显著下降。结论 犬烟雾吸入伤早期肺洗出液灌注大鼠气道可引起明确的损害反应，并表现出一定的小气道机械阻塞作用。洗出液具有肯定的生物学活性，引起的肺损害作用在灌注后24h已大部消除。

Role of BALF from dogs with acute severe smoke inhalation injury in ind ucing lung injury of normal rats

Objective To investigate the existence, intensity and persisting time of biologic activity of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collected from dogs with acute severe smoke inhalation injury in early post injury stage. Methods BALF was collected 1 h after the establishment of acute severe sawdust smoke inhalation injury in 5 dogs, and the fluid was perfused into the lungs of Wistar rats in the amount of 5 ml/kg (group C). Normal saline (group A) and BALF from normal dog (group B) were perfused into the lungs of rats and served as control. The respiratory rate, PaO 2, lung water content and the expanding stability of lungs in all rats were determined at the time points of 4,12 and 24 h after the purfusion. Results Compared with the rats in group A and B, the rats in group C had higher mortality, wider range in RR, higher lung water content, PaO 2 decreased obviously and lower lung expanding stability. The rats in control groups showed slight mechanic obstruction in their airways in the course of experiment. Meanwhile,the rats in group C showed higher oxidative activities and lower total anti oxidative activities in lung tissues. Conclusion It is certain that the BALF collected from dogs with acute severe smoke inhalation injury in early post injury stage could induce obvious injury in lung structure of normal rats, showing certain mechanic obstruction in small airways. The injuring activity of the BALF can be alleviated ultimately 24 h after the perfusion of the BALF.