贵州省黔南地区受艾滋病影响的农村少数民族已婚妇女健康教育干预效果

目的:评价参与式生活技能教育模式在受艾滋病影响的农村少数民族已婚妇女中的适宜性与有效性,为相关健康促进工作及政策制定提供依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法获得样本,对干预组进行为期6个月的多种形式健康教育干预,采用统一问卷调查,比较干预前后干预组和对照组少数民族已婚妇女对艾滋病的认识态度的变化。结果:干预后受艾滋病影响的已婚妇女对艾滋病认识态度明显提高,干预组妇女艾滋病知识、关爱态度、自尊量表(SES)、个人评价问卷(PEI)得分明显高于对照组。干预组和对照组艾滋病相关知识知晓率分别提高了59.28%和20.35%,干预组的干预效果好于对照组,相对干预效果为41.86%。接受过干预民族为布依族、苗族、水族和毛南族,妇女接受过艾滋病健康教育培训、丈夫接受过艾滋病健康教育培训、艾滋病知识得分低是影响妇女认识态度的正向因素,尤其对接受过艾滋病健康教育干预妇女的认识态度影响最大(OR=1.852)。结论:参与式教育模式是改善民族地区已婚妇女对艾滋病认识态度的有效措施。

Intervention effect of health education conducted among the married women of ethnic minorities in rural areas affected by AIDS in southern Guizhou

Objective:To evaluate the suitability and effectiveness of participative life skills education mode among the married women of ethnic minorities in rural areas affected by AIDS in southern Guizhou,provide a basis for promoting health education and making strategies.Methods:The samples were obtained by stratified cluster sampling method,the married women in intervention group received health education intervention of variety form fro six months,a uniform questionnaire was used to survey them,the changes of cognitions and attitudes of the married women in intervention group and control group to AIDS before and after intervention were compared.Results:After intervention,the cognitions and attitudes of the married women to AIDS were improved obviously;the scores of AIDS knowledge,care attitude,SES,and PEI among women in intervention group were statistically significantly higher than those in control group.The awareness rates of AIDS related knowledge in intervention group and control group were improved by 59.28% and 20.35%,respectively;the effect of intervention in intervention group was better than that in control group,the relative intervention effect was 41.86%.The married women had received intervention belonged to Buyi nationality,Miao nationality,and Maonan nationality,the positive factors affecting the cognitions and attitudes of the women included receiving AIDS health education training for women,receiving AIDS health education training for their husbands,and low score of AIDS knowledge,especially for the cognitions and attitudes of women who had received AIDS health education intervention(OR=1.852).Conclusion:Participative education mode is an effective measure ti improve the cognitions and attitudes of married women in areas inhabited by the minority nationalities to AIDS.