三峡库区土地利用变化特征研究

土地利用是人类最基本的经济活动，在可持续发展的思想下对土地利用变化特征进行研究是我国近年来土地利用的重要发展趋势。以三峡库区2000年、2004年、2007年、2010年、2013年五期的TM影像数据为数据源，利用GIS技术，提取各期土地利用现状图，分析三峡库区各期土地利用类型的数量、空间分布及变化趋势，对土地利用动态度、土地利用程度的变化特征进行分析研究。分析表明:2010—2013年三峡库区总体上呈现耕地、草地、林地和未利用地面积减少，建设用地、水域面积增加的趋势；各土地利用动态度变化表现出差异性，建设用地和水域土地利用动态度较大，草地、耕地和林地动态度较小；研究期内三峡库区土地利用程度呈现增大的趋势。研究方法和结果有助于了解三峡库区近13 a来土地利用的变化特征，从而为三峡库区土地利用和土地规划的可持续发展提供参考价值。

Research on the Characteristics of Land Use Changes in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Land use is the most basic economic activity of human. In the thought of the sustainable development, research on the characteristics of land use changes is an important development trend of land use in China in recent years. Taking five periods TM images of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area as the data source, we used the GIS technology to extract the land use map of each period, analyze the quantity, distribution and the change trend of the type of land use, and the characteristics of land use degree. The results indicated that the quantity of land class, including cultivated land, grass land, forest land, unused decreased during the period from 2000 to 2013. Then the quantity of construction land, and water area increased. At the same time, the land use dynamic degree of each land class was different, construction land and water area dynamic degree were high, while the grassland, cultivated land and forestland dynamic degree were very low. During the research period, the trend of the land use degree increased in Three Gorges Reservoir area. These research methods are helpful to understand the characteristics of land use changes in recent 13 years, and the results could provide reference value for sustainable development of land use and land planning in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.