Influence of 2,4-D,TIBA and 3,5-D on the growth response of cultured maize embryos |
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Authors: | Bronsema F B F van Oostveen W J F van Lammeren A A M |
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Affiliation: | (1) Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Graduate School Experimental Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | Induction of embryogenic calli from immature zygotic embryos of maize requires the presence of 2,4-D or similar auxin-like growth regulators in the culture medium. Pulse-chase experiments with 2,4-D, using various concentrations of 2,4-D in the induction medium were tested in relation to induction of callus in the embryogenic inbred line A188 and the non-embryogenic
inbred A632. Interactions of 2,4-D, 3,5-D and the auxin transport inhibitor TIBA were also studied. Pulse-chase experiments showed that exposure to 2,4-D influenced the culture response from 0.5 h onwards. After a pulse of 0.5 h, shoot and root elongation of the embryo was stimulated.
A pulse of 16 h or longer induced outgrowths and callus formation at the basal side of the scutellum. Pulses of 7 days and
longer resulted in the induction of friable embryogenic Type II callus in A188. Embryos were cultured at 2,4-D concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 2000 mg l−1 and optimal concentration for the induction of embryogenic callus in A188 was 2 mg l−1. At lower concentrations there was a transition between callus formation and germination; at increasing concentrations, callus
induction was reduced and finally growth responses became blocked. When TIBA was added to medium without 2,4-D, root elongation decreased in a dose-dependent way suggesting the need of polar transport of endogenous auxins for root elongation.
When added to medium with 2,4-D, TIBA caused suppression of callus formation, again pointing to the necessity of polar transport of 2,4-D. In combination with 2,4-D, cultures with 3,5-D resembled cultures at lower 2,4-D concentrations, pointing to a competitive interaction between 3,5-D and 2,4-D.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | callus induction embryogenic callus Zea mays (L ) |
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